Index
This topic area covers statistics and information relating to cancer in Hull including local strategic need and service provision. Further information relating to the national screening programmes to detect breast, cervical and colorectal cancer are given within Screening and the NHS Health Check under Prevention within Adults.
This page contains information from the Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Fingertips. Information is taken ‘live’ from the site so uses the latest available data from Fingertips and displays it on this page. As a result, some comments on this page may relate to an earlier period of time until this page is next updated (see review dates at the end of this page).
In July 2022, Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) ceased to exist and were replaced by the Integrated Care System. The sub Integrated Care Board areas which include Hull are within the Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board. In Fingertips, the sub-ICB area referenced by 03F relates to Hull (see Integrated Care Board for the codes relating to the other local sub-ICB areas). For some indicators on Fingertips and other data given elsewhere, data is still being presented at CCG level (and for Humber, Coast and Vale) and has not yet been updated for sub-ICBs. However, for Hull the geographical area for the CCG and the sub-ICB area (03F) are the same so the information can still be examined and compared to understand the health needs within Hull.
Headlines
- One in two people will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime.
- The high current and historical prevalence of smoking, and increased levels of poor diet, physical inactivity and obesity result in higher levels of cancer in Hull.
- People in Hull are more likely to present with their cancer in an emergency setting rather than through their GP or through an elective procedure, and a slightly higher percentage of cancers in Hull are diagnosed at a later stage at diagnosis compared to people throughout the rest of England which impacts on survival and mortality rates. Urgent referrals for cancer (two week wait) are lower in Hull compared to England particularly when considered in relation to the incidence rate of some cancers for Hull. A higher percentage of the two week wait referrals also result in a cancer diagnosis in Hull which may suggest delays in diagnosis.
- In Hull, during the three year period 2018-20, there were 2,261 new cases of cancer which were diagnosed among men and 2,133 new cases of cancer diagnosed among women. Among men, prostate cancer accounted for the most new cancers diagnosed (501) followed by lung cancer (411) and colorectal cancer (254). Among women, new cases of breast cancer was the highest (549) followed by lung cancer (372) and colorectal cancer (221). The incidence rate of new cases of cancer in Hull is significantly higher than England particularly so for cancers of the lung (70% higher than England), stomach (60% higher than England) and kidney (34% higher than England). Overall, the cancer incidence in Hull was 15% higher than England for 2018-20.
- North Carr, West Carr, Orchard Park, Ings, Longhill & Bilton Grange, Sutton, Marfleet, St Andrew’s & Docklands, Pickering and Central all have statistically significantly higher incidence rates compared to England, and 16 out of Hull’s 21 wards have statistically significantly higher incidence rates for lung cancer with North Carr, Orchard Park, Marfleet, St Andrew’s & Docklands and Central having more than twice the rate of new lung cancer cases compared to England. Only Holderness has a statistically significantly higher rate of new colorectal cancers, and only Marfleet has a statistically significantly higher rate of new prostate cancer cases compared to England.
- In Hull, over the last 18 years between 2001-03 and 2018-20, the rate of new cancers diagnosed has decreased by 1% among men and increased by 15% among women. Over the same period, new cases of lung cancer reduced by 16% for men but increased by 21% for women, and new cases of colorectal cancer have reduced by 21% for men but increased by 24% for women. The rate of new cases of breast cancer has increased slightly among women in Hull by 5%, and the number of new cases of prostate cancer diagnosed has increased by 5% among men over the 18 year period.
- In 2020, just under one-quarter of all deaths were due to cancer in Hull, although this was higher in previous years and it is likely that the percentage is lower in 2020 due to the higher percentage of deaths that were due to COVID-19.
- For deaths registered during the three year period 2020-22, the premature (under 75 years) mortality rates were 34% higher in Hull compared to England for both men and women with a total of 1,062 premature cancer deaths over the three year period (582 men and 480 women).
- Whilst premature mortality rates for cancer have been gradually reducing in Hull between 2001-03 and 2017-19, there has been a slight increase between 2017-19 and 2020-22 likely associated with the pandemic, although no such increase was observed for either England or across the region.
- Mortality rates are statistically significantly higher than England in the majority of Hull’s 21 wards for both mortality at all ages and under 75 years. There was a very strong association with deprivation with under 75 year cancer mortality 1.7 times higher among people living in the most deprived areas compared to the least deprived areas of Hull (and 2.3 times higher for cancer deaths considered to be preventable).
- Whilst there is an inequalities gap in relation to premature cancer mortality between Hull and England, the inequalities gap for premature cancer from causes considered to be preventable is greater. More people in Hull who die before the age of 75 years are dying from cancer causes considered to be preventable prior to 75 years.
- In Hull for 2018-20, the highest proportion of cancer deaths were due to lung cancer for both men (28%) and women (27%) followed by breast cancer deaths for women (15%), prostate cancer deaths for men (13%) and colorectal cancer deaths for men (10%) and women (12%).
- Compared to England for 2018-20, mortality in Hull was particularly high for cancers of the lung (72% higher), stomach (62% higher), breast (29% higher) and oesophagus (22% higher).
- For 2020-22, compared to other local authorities within the region, the mortality rate for lung cancer was particularly high in Hull (22% higher than North East Lincolnshire that had the second highest mortality rate in the region).
- Whilst the mortality rate from both lung cancer and colorectal cancer has reduced among Hull men over the last two decades, the rate has remained relatively unchanged among Hull women. The mortality rate for breast cancer among women had reduced, but the mortality rate for prostate cancer among Hull men has increased over the last two decades.
- One year cancer survival is available for cancers diagnosed between 2004-19 with one year follow-up to the end of 2020. Survival rates have increased over the period from 64.4% to 74.6%. It is difficult to directly compare to survival rates for England as the incidence and survival rates differ by cancer site and the percentage of different cancers by site differs between Hull and England. Nevertheless for the specific cancers of lung cancer survival rates have improved in Hull increasing by 49% from 30.4% for cancers diagnosed in 2004 to 45.2% for cancers diagnosed in 2019, although survival is higher in England for cancers diagnosed in 2019 (47.2%) and the increase in survival over the entire period has been higher in England (increased by 70%). One year survival from colorectal cancer has also improved from 70.8% in 2004 to 77.3% in 2019, but has been consistently lower than England over the period with a 3.6 percentage point difference for 2019 (England 80.9%), although the improvement in Hull over the entire period has been higher than the increase for England (increases of 9% and 7% respectively). One year survival from breast cancer diagnosed in 2019 is high at 94.1% having increased by 0.6% from 93.5% since 2004. However, the rate of increase for England has been much higher having increased by 3.2% from 94.3% to 97.3%. Thus the inequalities gap in one year survival between Hull and England has increased in relation to lung and breast cancers as well as the index measure which includes most cancers.
The Population Affected – Why Is It Important?
All Cancers
Cancer is a condition where cells in a specific part of the body grow and reproduce uncontrollably destroying healthy tissue including organs and can spread to other parts of the body (metastasis). There are over 200 different types of cancer, each with its own methods of diagnosis and treatment. One in two people will develop some form of cancer during their lifetime. In the UK, the four most common types of cancer are: lung cancer; breast cancer; prostate cancer; and bowel cancer. Treatment is often simpler and more likely to be effective when cancer is diagnosed at an early stage, so finding cancer early can make a real difference. There are two major components of early detection of cancer: education to promote early diagnosis and screening. With the ageing population, it is likely that the incidence and prevalence of cancer will increase.
Healthy eating, taking regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking helps lower the risk of developing cancer. Changing lifestyle behaviours can have a dramatic effect.
Cancer Research UK have an infographic which illustrates the risk of cancer.
Screening programmes are in place for cancers of the breast, cervical and bowel (colorectal). Uptake rates for screening can be found in Screening and the NHS Health Check under Prevention within Adults.
Lung Cancer
The majority of lung cancer cases are preventable as it is estimated that 81% of all cases of lung cancer are directly attributable to smoking, and risk of developing lung cancer reduces over time once a smoker quits smoking.
Nationally, lung cancer has the fifth highest disability adjusted life years and thus has a substantial impact on the quality of people’s lives.
Prostate Cancer
The causes of prostate cancer are largely unknown. Prostate cancer can be slow to develop. So there are many men die with prostate cancer, not because of it. Despite this, there are still considerable numbers that do die from prostate cancer, and it is the most frequent cancer among men.
Breast Cancer
Whilst the causes of breast cancer are not fully understood, it is not possible to know if it can be prevented altogether. However, although not definitive, there are benefits for women who maintain a healthy weight, exercise regularly and who have a low intake of saturated fat and alcohol. Being overweight or obese, particularly after the menopause, causes more oestrogen to be produced which can increase the risk of breast cancer. Family history is also an important risk factor for breast cancer. Screening for breast cancer is the single biggest factor that allows for early diagnosis. Among women, breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer.
Colorectal Cancer
There is an increased risk of bowel cancer among those aged 60+ years, who eat a diet high in red or processed meats and low in fibre, who are overweight or obese, physical inactive or smokers, have a high alcohol intake, have a family history of bowel cancer, or have another medical conditions such as severe ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease.
The Hull Picture
Screening
Further information relating to the national screening programmes to detect breast, cervical and colorectal cancer are given within Screening and the NHS Health Check within Prevention under Adults.
Incidence
By Cancer Site
From the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, the table below gives the total number of new cancers diagnosed over the three year period 2018-20 for Hull Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG) by cancer site for men and women separately. The International Classification of Disease version 10 codes has been included for each cancer site for reference. Not all cancer sites are included (most have too smaller numbers to present including male cases of breast cancer) so the figures for each individual cancer site do not sum to the total.
Over the three year period 2018-20, there were 4,349 new cases of cancer excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) that were diagnosed giving an average of 1,450 new diagnoses each year.
Lung, breast, prostate and colorectal cancers were the most commonly occurring cancers in Hull over the three year period.
Cancer site | ICD 10 code | Males | Females | Persons |
Oesophagus | C15 | 63 | 39 | 102 |
Stomach | C16 | 66 | 32 | 98 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | 254 | 221 | 475 |
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts | C22 | 42 | 26 | 68 |
Pancreas | C25 | 62 | 52 | 114 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | 411 | 372 | 783 |
Breast | C50 | 549 | ||
Cervical | C53 | 39 | 39 | |
Uterus | C54-C55 | 111 | 111 | |
Ovary | C56-C57 | 76 | 76 | |
Prostate | C61 | 501 | 501 | |
Kidney, except renal pelvis | C64 | 93 | 64 | 157 |
Bladder | C67 | 81 | 37 | 118 |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | C82-C86 | 91 | 66 | 157 |
Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms | C90 | 35 | 26 | 61 |
Leukaemia | C91-C95 | 57 | 34 | 91 |
All cancers excluding NMSC | C00-C97 excl C44 | 2,261 | 2,133 | 4,349 |
The table below gives the standardised incidence rate so compares the number of new cases in Hull with England after adjusting for the age structure of Hull’s population. The incidence rates are given as the number of new cancers diagnosed within the three year period 2018-20 per 100,000 person-years. For most cancers, the numbers are relatively small so it is not possible to examine incidence for males and females separately.
The rates are substantially higher in Hull for lung cancer, being 71% higher than England for men and 69% higher for women. Rates are also substantially higher for stomach cancer (60% higher than England) and kidney cancer (34% higher than England). Incidence rates are also higher in Hull compared to England for cancers of the oesophagus, colon and rectum, liver and intrahepatic bile ducts, pancreas, cervical, uterus and bladder as well as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Compared to England, the age-standardised incidence rate was lower in Hull for cancers of the skin, breast, ovary and prostate as well as multiple myeloma and malignant plasma cell neoplasms, and leukaemia.
Overall, the incidence of all cancers in Hull compared to England is 15% higher for men and women combined (13% higher for men and 17% higher for women).
Cancer site | ICD 10 code | Gender | Hull | England |
Oesophagus | C15 | Persons | 16.2 | 14.3 |
Stomach | C16 | Persons | 15.7 | 9.8 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Males | 85.5 | 81.6 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Females | 65.6 | 55.5 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Persons | 75.0 | 67.5 |
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts | C22 | Persons | 10.6 | 10.3 |
Pancreas | C25 | Persons | 18.0 | 17.3 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Males | 142.1 | 83.1 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Females | 111.5 | 65.9 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Persons | 125.5 | 73.4 |
Malignant melanoma of skin | C43 | Persons | 17.4 | 26.6 |
Breast | C50 | Females | 157.7 | 161.3 |
Cervical | C53 | Females | 10.5 | 9.3 |
Uterus | C54-C55 | Females | 32.7 | 28.8 |
Ovary | C56-C57 | Females | 21.5 | 22.6 |
Prostate | C61 | Males | 171.2 | 181.2 |
Kidney, except renal pelvis | C64 | Persons | 24.2 | 18.1 |
Bladder | C67 | Persons | 19.1 | 16.5 |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | C82-C86 | Persons | 24.1 | 21.1 |
Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms | C90 | Persons | 9.6 | 9.8 |
Leukaemia | C91-C95 | Persons | 14.0 | 15.2 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Males | 742.8 | 658.3 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Females | 622.5 | 531.0 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Persons | 674.9 | 586.6 |
Over the last 17 years between 2001-03 and 2017-19, the incidence rate of all cancers has increased by 5% for men and by 17% for women, although between 2017-19 and 2018-20 there has been a decrease in the incidence of 6% for men and 2% for women which might be associated with fewer new cases of cancers being detected between March and December 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Overall, between 2001-03 and 2018-20, there has been a decrease in cancer incidence of 1% among men, but an increase of 15% among women.
In 2018-20, the standardised incidence rate for all cancers was 12% higher in Hull compared to England for men and 17% higher for women. For men, the cancer incidence rate in Hull has followed a reasonably similar pattern to that for England. For women, the incidence rate increased gradually in both Hull and England to the period 2011-13 to 2013-15, but the latest rate for 2018-20 is higher than 2011-13 for Hull whereas for England has decreased in the last five years.
Lung Cancer
For lung cancer among Hull men, the incidence rate has fallen by 16% over the last 18 years between 2001-03 and 2018-20.
Among Hull women, over the 17 years between 2001-03 and 2017-19, the lung cancer incidence rate increased by more than one-third (34%). However, the rate decreased by 9% in the latest year which could be associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and fewer new cancers being diagnosed. Therefore, over the entire 18 year period between 2001-3 and 2018-20, the lung cancer incidence rate had increased by more than one-fifth for Hull women (21%).
The lung cancer incidence rate was 83% higher among Hull men compared to Hull women in 2001-03, but the rate is only 27% higher in 2018-20.
The age standardised incidence rate per 100,000 population for lung cancer is statistically significantly higher than England with the rate being very much higher in Hull. The latest incidence rate is 71% higher in Hull compared to England (71% higher for men and 69% higher for women).
There is more variability in the lung cancer incidence rate in Hull, but there has been a reasonably similar rate of change with England for both men (-16% versus -20%) and women (+21% versus +24%).
Colorectal Cancer
For colorectal cancer, the age standardised incidence rates among Hull men have been consistently and statistically significantly higher than the rates among Hull women. Over the 18 year period, there has been a reduction of 21% in the incidence rate for colorectal cancer for men, but for women the incidence of colorectal cancer has increased by 24%.
In Hull, the rate of new cases of colorectal diagnosed among men within 2001-03 was more than double the rate in women, but for cancers diagnosed within 2018-20, the rate was only 30% higher among men compared to women.
There has been no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate for colorectal cancer between Hull and England over the last 18 years with the exception of men for 2001-03 and 2002-04.
The rate of decrease in the incidence rate has been much greater in Hull compared to England among men (-21% versus -3%) and among women the increase in the incidence rate in Hull has been much greater than England (+24% versus +2%).
Breast Cancer
The incidence rate for breast cancer among women has varied between 140 and 160 per 100,000 population over the last 18 years, but the rate in 2017-19 reached a new high of 166 per 100,000 population, although decreased to 158 per 100,000 population for 2018-20.
The incidence of breast cancer has generally been lower than England over the 18 year period. The latest rate for Hull for 2018-20 is similar to England (158 versus 161 per 100,000 population). The rate of change over the last 17 years has also been similar for Hull (+5%) and England (+4%).
Prostate Cancer
Over the last 17 years between 2001-03 and 2018-20, the incidence of prostate cancer has increased in Hull by 33%, although there was a fall of 10% in the last year, so the overall change over the entire period is 20%.
The incidence rate for prostate cancer has been reasonably similar in Hull to the rate in England over the entire 18 year period, and the rate in Hull is currently slightly lower than England (171 versus 181 per 100,000 population respectively).
Rates Across Hull’s Wards
Within the Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Local Health, the standardised incidence ratios are given for each electoral ward for all cancers, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer. The incidence ratio gives the rate of new cases of cancers that have been diagnosed within the time period for Hull compared to England. The data presented below relates to the five year period 2015-19 and the standardised incidence ratios are given together with 95% confidence intervals (which gives a range of values where the true value is likely to fall taking into account random variation). The standardised incidence ratios are standardised to England with the ratio for England being 100 for the period 2015-19. So that any ratio above 100 denotes that the ward has a higher incidence rate for the specific cancer compared to England for the period 2015-19, and a ratio below 100 denotes a lower incidence rate.
If the 95% confidence interval does not contain the value of 100, this means that the incidence rate for the ward is statistically significantly different from England after allowing for differences in the age structure between Hull and England.
All Cancers
The lower 95% confidence limit for North Carr, West Carr, Orchard Park, Ings, Longhill & Bilton Grange, Sutton, Marfleet, St Andrew’s & Docklands, Pickering and Central are all higher than 100 so the cancer incidence rate – after adjusting for the age distribution of the ward – is statistically significantly higher than England.
Marfleet and Central have the highest new rate of cancers diagnosed in 2015-19 in Hull which are more than 20% higher than the incidence rate in England.
Lung Cancer
The cancer incidence rate for lung cancer is statistically significantly higher than England after adjusting for the age structure of the local population for 16 out of 21 of Hull’s electoral wards. The 95% confidence interval contains the value of 100 for only Kingswood, Beverley & Newland, Holderness, Avenue and Bricknell.
The rate of new lung cancer cases is more than twice as high as England for North Carr, Orchard Park, Marfleet, St Andrew’s & Docklands and Central.
Colorectal Cancer
For the majority of wards in Hull, the number of new cases of colorectal cancer is not statistically significantly different than England with the only exception being Holderness where the rate is 44% higher than England.
Breast Cancer
The rate of new cases of breast cancer is lower than England for the majority of wards in Hull with Ings and Southcoates also having a statistically significantly lower incidence rate of breast cancer compared to England. None of Hull’s wards have a statistically significantly higher rate of new breast cancer cases compared to England.
Prostate Cancer
The incidence rate for prostate cancer is also lower than England for the majority of Hull’s wards and is statistically significantly lower for St Andrew’s & Docklands. In contrast, Marfleet has a statistically significantly higher rate of new prostate cancers compared to England. There were too fewer cases of new prostate cancer for Kingswood and University over the five year period 2015-19 so the incidence ratio is not presented for these two wards.
Two week wait
The two week wait appointment system was introduced so that any patient with symptoms that might indicate cancer could be seen by a specialist as soon as possible. The Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Fingertips presents indicators relating to the two week wait for the sub Integrated Care Board areas which include Hull within the Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board. The sub-ICB area referenced by 03F relates to Hull (see Integrated Care Board for the codes relating to the other local sub-ICB areas).
In 2022/23, Hull had a lower number of two week wait referrals per 100,000 population compared to England (3,522 versus 4,619), although the percentage of cancers diagnosed from the two week wait referrals was higher than England (7.1% versus 6.0%). For 2022/23, the percentage of cancers treated out of those two week wait referrals was lower in Hull compared to England (47.8% versus 55.6%).
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urgent suspected cancer referrals (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 4619 | 4255 | 4539 | 3522 | 3716 | 4332 | 3931 | 5023 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals resulting in a diagnosis of cancer (Conversion rate: as % of all USC referrals) (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 6.0 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 8.2 | 7.9 |
New cancer cases treated resulting from an urgent suspected cancer referral (Detection rate: % of all new cancer cases treated) (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 55.6 | 53.0 | 55.2 | 47.8 | 50.4 | 50.0 | 51.4 | 57.4 |
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urgent suspected cancer referrals (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 4619 | 4255 | 4539 | 3522 | 3716 | 4332 | 3931 | 5023 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals resulting in a diagnosis of cancer (Conversion rate: as % of all USC referrals) (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 6.0 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 8.2 | 7.9 |
New cancer cases treated resulting from an urgent suspected cancer referral (Detection rate: % of all new cancer cases treated) (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 55.6 | 53.0 | 55.2 | 47.8 | 50.4 | 50.0 | 51.4 | 57.4 |
The number of two week wait referrals per 100,000 population has increased over time for Hull, England and across the region, with a similar pattern of increase between 2009/10 and 2022/23, although the rate of increase has been slightly lower in Hull.
The number of referrals per 100,000 population decreased between 2019/20 and 2020/21 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, although there was a greater increase between 2020/21 and 2021/22 likely due to a backlog of patients coming forward in 2020/21.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009/10 | • | 3194 | 1110 | 1072 | 1149 | 1468 | 1643 |
2010/11 | • | 3598 | 1255 | 1214 | 1297 | 1611 | 1808 |
2011/12 | • | 4123 | 1421 | 1378 | 1466 | 1826 | 1978 |
2012/13 | • | 4777 | 1645 | 1599 | 1692 | 2117 | 2165 |
2013/14 | • | 5836 | 2022 | 1971 | 2075 | 2388 | 2397 |
2014/15 | • | 6340 | 2183 | 2130 | 2238 | 2728 | 2708 |
2015/16 | • | 6857 | 2317 | 2263 | 2373 | 3021 | 2975 |
2016/17 | • | 7545 | 2444 | 2390 | 2500 | 3124 | 3164 |
2017/18 | • | 7321 | 2447 | 2392 | 2504 | 3252 | 3263 |
2018/19 | • | 8739 | 2902 | 2842 | 2964 | 3636 | 3675 |
2019/20 | • | 9603 | 3169 | 3106 | 3233 | 3773 | 3896 |
2020/21 | • | 8549 | 2818 | 2758 | 2878 | 3206 | 3389 |
2021/22 | • | 10527 | 3427 | 3362 | 3493 | 4014 | 4323 |
2022/23 | • | 10956 | 3522 | 3457 | 3589 | 4255 | 4619 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The majority of referrals do not result in a cancer diagnosis, and with the increasing number of referrals, the percentage resulting in a diagnosis of cancer has reduced over time.
If there were many more referrals for a geographical area compared to England, then it might be expected that the percentage resulting in a cancer diagnosis and subsequently requiring treatment could be lower. However, there are fewer referrals in Hull, and with a higher incidence rate of cancer this suggests that people are not visiting their GP when they have symptoms that may signify cancer and/or that GPs when they see such symptoms in their patients are not using the two week wait referral system. It is more common for people living in more deprived areas to delay visiting their GP, so it is perhaps not surprising that the rate of two week wait referrals is lower in Hull.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals resulting in a diagnosis of cancer (Conversion rate: as % of all USC referrals) (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009/10 | • | 506 | 15.8% | 14.6% | 17.1% | 14.7% | 10.8% |
2010/11 | • | 490 | 13.6% | 12.5% | 14.8% | 13.8% | 10.3% |
2011/12 | • | 566 | 13.7% | 12.7% | 14.8% | 12.9% | 10.0% |
2012/13 | • | 587 | 12.3% | 11.4% | 13.2% | 11.9% | 9.4% |
2013/14 | • | 678 | 11.6% | 10.8% | 12.5% | 11.6% | 9.0% |
2014/15 | • | 616 | 9.7% | 9.0% | 10.5% | 10.1% | 8.2% |
2015/16 | • | 652 | 9.5% | 8.8% | 10.2% | 9.8% | 7.8% |
2016/17 | • | 650 | 8.6% | 8.0% | 9.3% | 9.7% | 7.6% |
2017/18 | • | 691 | 9.4% | 8.8% | 10.1% | 9.7% | 7.5% |
2018/19 | • | 708 | 8.1% | 7.5% | 8.7% | 8.8% | 7.1% |
2019/20 | • | 657 | 6.8% | 6.4% | 7.4% | 8.1% | 6.6% |
2020/21 | • | 623 | 7.3% | 6.8% | 7.9% | 8.9% | 7.0% |
2021/22 | • | 701 | 6.7% | 6.2% | 7.2% | 8.1% | 6.2% |
2022/23 | • | 778 | 7.1% | 6.6% | 7.6% | 7.7% | 6.0% |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The percentage of new cases treated resulting from two week wait referral had been increasing in Hull as it has in England and the region, but the percentage has been more variable in Hull, and from 2016/17 onwards has been lower than England, with the percentage decreasing in the past two years.
Compared with benchmark
New cancer cases treated resulting from an urgent suspected cancer referral (Detection rate: % of all new cancer cases treated) (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009/10 | • | 513 | 36.7% | 34.2% | 39.3% | 42.0% | 42.4% |
2010/11 | • | 499 | 39.1% | 36.5% | 41.8% | 42.6% | 43.7% |
2011/12 | • | 587 | 42.0% | 39.4% | 44.6% | 42.8% | 45.0% |
2012/13 | • | 585 | 45.2% | 42.5% | 47.9% | 46.0% | 46.3% |
2013/14 | • | 685 | 47.7% | 45.2% | 50.3% | 46.9% | 47.4% |
2014/15 | • | 646 | 49.0% | 46.3% | 51.7% | 49.1% | 48.4% |
2015/16 | • | 638 | 52.4% | 49.6% | 55.2% | 51.0% | 49.7% |
2016/17 | • | 693 | 49.6% | 47.0% | 52.3% | 50.4% | 51.0% |
2017/18 | • | 677 | 46.2% | 43.7% | 48.8% | 51.7% | 51.3% |
2018/19 | • | 703 | 51.9% | 49.2% | 54.5% | 52.3% | 53.2% |
2019/20 | • | 711 | 49.7% | 47.1% | 52.2% | 52.2% | 53.7% |
2020/21 | • | 615 | 51.1% | 48.3% | 53.9% | 53.8% | 54.8% |
2021/22 | • | 703 | 49.0% | 46.4% | 51.6% | 52.2% | 54.4% |
2022/23 | • | 825 | 47.8% | 45.5% | 50.2% | 53.0% | 55.6% |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
Information is also available on Fingertips for the specific cancer sites of breast, lower gastrointestinal, lung and skin.
For 2022/23, the referral rate in Hull (03F) was similar to England for lung cancer, but lower for breast cancer and lower gastrointestinal cancers, and much lower for skin cancer.
It is possible that the incidence of these cancers differs between Hull and England, but it is also possible that the relatively low two week wait referral rate in Hull means that residents are not accessing cancer treatment as quickly as others do across other geographical areas. The rate of two week wait referrals for lung cancer is the only one similar to England for Hull. However, because residents in Hull have very high rates of smoking both historically and currently compared to England, the incidence of lung cancer is considerably higher. For 2018-20, the lung cancer incidence rate was 70% higher in Hull compared to England which perhaps means that the two week wait referrals for lung cancer in Hull should be much higher than it actually is.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected breast cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 773 | 743 | 789 | 722 | 828 | 847 | 687 | 698 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lower GI cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 901 | 1031 | 978 | 774 | 945 | 1129 | 1057 | 1221 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lung cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 109 | 115 | 109 | 108 | 117 | 145 | 99 | 124 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected skin cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 1012 | 685 | 867 | 496 | 330 | 467 | 460 | 1110 |
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected breast cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 773 | 743 | 789 | 722 | 828 | 847 | 687 | 698 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lower GI cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 901 | 1031 | 978 | 774 | 945 | 1129 | 1057 | 1221 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lung cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 109 | 115 | 109 | 108 | 117 | 145 | 99 | 124 |
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected skin cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 1012 | 685 | 867 | 496 | 330 | 467 | 460 | 1110 |
The rate of two week wait referrals for breast has been consistently lower in Hull compared to England over the last decade, although the referral rate has been increasing in the last two years at a faster rate in Hull, and for the first time – since 2012/13 – the rate of two week wait referrals for breast cancer was similar to England for 2021/22, although has fallen for 2022/23 so the rate in Hull is again lower than England.
The rate of two week wait referrals for breast cancer does not appear to have been adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected breast cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 760 | 262 | 243 | 281 | 381 | 390 |
2013/14 | • | 966 | 335 | 314 | 357 | 421 | 444 |
2014/15 | • | 1009 | 347 | 326 | 370 | 461 | 482 |
2015/16 | • | 1097 | 371 | 349 | 393 | 530 | 541 |
2016/17 | • | 1149 | 372 | 351 | 394 | 546 | 561 |
2017/18 | • | 1241 | 415 | 392 | 439 | 583 | 581 |
2018/19 | • | 1650 | 548 | 522 | 575 | 664 | 684 |
2019/20 | • | 1750 | 577 | 551 | 605 | 646 | 711 |
2020/21 | • | 1948 | 642 | 614 | 671 | 692 | 693 |
2021/22 | • | 2518 | 820 | 788 | 852 | 823 | 824 |
2022/23 | • | 2245 | 722 | 692 | 752 | 743 | 773 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The rate of two week wait referrals for lower gastrointestinal cancers has been consistently lower than England over the last eight years, although the rate in Hull has been following a similar pattern to England. The rate has increased between 2017/18 and 2019/20, but decreased in 2020/21 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The rate increased between 2020/21 and 2022/23 to the same extent that it had done so just prior to the pandemic.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lower GI cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 1008 | 347 | 326 | 369 | 439 | 379 |
2013/14 | • | 1044 | 362 | 340 | 384 | 439 | 368 |
2014/15 | • | 1102 | 379 | 357 | 403 | 499 | 421 |
2015/16 | • | 1140 | 385 | 363 | 408 | 540 | 453 |
2016/17 | • | 1194 | 387 | 365 | 409 | 596 | 511 |
2017/18 | • | 1101 | 368 | 347 | 390 | 656 | 557 |
2018/19 | • | 1414 | 470 | 445 | 495 | 753 | 650 |
2019/20 | • | 1716 | 566 | 540 | 594 | 848 | 725 |
2020/21 | • | 1489 | 491 | 466 | 516 | 686 | 615 |
2021/22 | • | 1887 | 614 | 587 | 643 | 896 | 799 |
2022/23 | • | 2407 | 774 | 743 | 805 | 1031 | 901 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The rate of two week wait referrals for lung cancer has been consistently higher or similar in Hull compared to England over the last decade, although the rate of referrals has been decreasing in Hull since 2016/17. Furthermore, from 2017/18 onwards, the rate – in general – in Hull has been comparable to the rate in England.
The rate of two week wait referrals for lung cancer appears to have been significantly adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with a sharp fall between 2019/20 and 2020/21, although there has been a sharp increase in 2021/22 so that the rate in 2021/22 was similar to the rate in 2019/20. The rate remained relatively unchanged between 2021/22 and 2022/23.
Given that current and historical patterns of smoking in Hull and the increased prevalence of lung cancer compared to England, it would appear that the two week wait is significantly lower than it should be if people were approaching or referred by their GP as readily as in England.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected lung cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 358 | 123 | 111 | 137 | 102 | 90 |
2013/14 | • | 404 | 140 | 127 | 154 | 104 | 93 |
2014/15 | • | 458 | 158 | 144 | 173 | 116 | 101 |
2015/16 | • | 448 | 151 | 138 | 166 | 121 | 103 |
2016/17 | • | 499 | 162 | 148 | 176 | 132 | 109 |
2017/18 | • | 372 | 124 | 112 | 138 | 114 | 107 |
2018/19 | • | 339 | 113 | 101 | 125 | 113 | 103 |
2019/20 | • | 329 | 109 | 97 | 121 | 116 | 107 |
2020/21 | • | 184 | 61 | 52 | 70 | 70 | 69 |
2021/22 | • | 341 | 111 | 100 | 123 | 113 | 97 |
2022/23 | • | 335 | 108 | 96 | 120 | 115 | 109 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The rate of two week wait referrals for skin cancer in Hull has been consistently lower compared to England. Between 2012/13 and 2017/18, the rate in Hull was around 10-30% lower than England, but reduced to 5% lower (or less) for 2018/19 and 2019/20. The rate decreases for both Hull and England between 2019/20 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the same difference remaining (around 5%).
However, since the pandemic, the rate in England increased sharply in 2021/22 to a much higher level than that seen prior to the pandemic, and the rate further increased in 2022/23. In contrast, the rate in Hull increased by a much smaller margin with the rate in 2021/22 lower than the rate prior to the pandemic. Furthermore, there has been a relatively sharp decrease in the referral rate in Hull between 2021/22 and 2022/23, and as a result the referral rate in Hull is now half that of England.
Compared with benchmark
Urgent suspected cancer referrals for suspected skin cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 720 | 248 | 230 | 267 | 324 | 375 |
2013/14 | • | 1011 | 350 | 329 | 373 | 410 | 435 |
2014/15 | • | 1253 | 431 | 408 | 456 | 506 | 508 |
2015/16 | • | 1526 | 516 | 490 | 542 | 597 | 572 |
2016/17 | • | 1695 | 549 | 523 | 576 | 606 | 630 |
2017/18 | • | 1802 | 602 | 575 | 631 | 644 | 664 |
2018/19 | • | 2238 | 743 | 713 | 775 | 738 | 767 |
2019/20 | • | 2412 | 796 | 764 | 828 | 751 | 831 |
2020/21 | • | 1977 | 652 | 623 | 681 | 563 | 689 |
2021/22 | • | 2200 | 716 | 687 | 747 | 667 | 936 |
2022/23 | • | 1544 | 496 | 472 | 522 | 685 | 1012 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
Cancer Stage at Diagnosis
The Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Fingertips gives the percentage of cancers diagnosed at an early stage (stages 1 and 2). For 2021, for cancers where staging was possible and recorded, just under half of cancers were diagnosed at stages 1 or 2 in Hull (48.1%) which was lower than England (54.4%).
The percentage is given out of the total number of new cases whose stage is known (1, 2, 3 and 4) for the following cancer sites: invasive malignancies of lung, oesophagus, stomach, colorectal, pancreas, invasive melanomas of the skin, breast, cervix, uterus, ovary, prostate, testis, kidney, bladder, Hodgkin Lymphoma, thyroid, larynx, oropharynx, oral cavity and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of cancers diagnosed at stages 1 and 2 (Persons All ages) | 2021 | 54.4 | 52.6 | 48.1 | 55.0 | 54.8 | 52.6 | 52.6 | 51.4 | 54.6 | 54.7 | 52.7 | 51.5 | 46.5 | 51.9 | 53.4 | 52.5 | - |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of cancers diagnosed at stages 1 and 2 (Persons All ages) | 2021 | 54.4 | 52.6 | 48.1 | 55.0 | 54.8 | 52.6 | 52.6 | 51.4 | 54.6 | 54.7 | 52.7 | 51.5 | 46.5 | 51.9 | 53.4 | 52.5 | - |
The percentage in Hull has been quite variable between 2013 and 2017 at around 50%, although the percentage increased to 53% for 2019. The decrease for 2020 and 2021 could be associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced access or perceived access to primary and secondary care resulting in later diagnosis for a small percentage of patients.
Compared with benchmark
Percentage of cancers diagnosed at stages 1 and 2 (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2013 | • | 499 | 50.1% | 47.0% | 53.2% | 53.9% | 54.8% |
2014 | • | 539 | 52.3% | 49.2% | 55.3% | 53.2% | 55.1% |
2015 | • | 450 | 46.5% | 43.4% | 49.7% | 53.0% | 54.8% |
2016 | • | 507 | 50.4% | 47.4% | 53.5% | 52.7% | 54.6% |
2017 | • | 534 | 48.5% | 45.5% | 51.4% | 51.9% | 54.3% |
2018 | • | 546 | 51.3% | 48.3% | 54.3% | 52.4% | 54.6% |
2019 | • | 537 | 53.2% | 50.1% | 56.2% | 53.4% | 54.9% |
2020 | • | 457 | 48.6% | 45.4% | 51.8% | 50.7% | 52.3% |
2021 | • | 519 | 48.1% | 45.1% | 51.1% | 52.6% | 54.4% |
Source: NHS Digital's National Disease Registration Service
NHS Digital also provide information on the percentage of cancers diagnosed at stage 1 and 2.
However, some cancers are more likely to be detected at an early stage, so the percentage of cancers diagnosed at a late stage can be depend on the distribution of the types of cancer. NHS Digital provides an estimate of the percentage of cancers diagnosed at an early stage adjusted for the differing case mix of patients with regard to diagnosis, socio-economic factors, and other variables.
NHS Digital include staging information on oropharynx, oral cavity, oesophagus, colorectal, pancreas, lung, melanoma of the skin, breast, uterus, ovary, prostate, testis, kidney, bladder, Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
For all years, the percentage of these cancers diagnosed at an early stage is lower in Hull compared to England. However, once the difference in the case-mix of the patients is taken into consideration, then the percentage of cancers diagnosed at an early stage is generally higher or comparable to England.
Hospital Activity
Fingertips gives the number of emergency admissions for cancer per 100,000 population as well as the number of people diagnosed with cancer via an emergency route per 100,000 GP practice population (“number of emergency presentations”) and diagnosed via a non-emergency route per 100,000 GP practice population (“number of other presentations”) for the sub Integrated Care Board areas which include Hull within the Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board. The sub-ICB area referenced by 03F relates to Hull (see Integrated Care Board for the codes relating to the other local sub-ICB areas).
For 2022/23, the rates of emergency admissions relating to cancer and the rates of cancers diagnosed through an emergency route and other (non-emergency) routes in Hull are higher than England. The number of emergency cancer admissions is 37% higher in Hull (688 versus 502 per 100,000 population) whereas the number of cancers diagnosed through an emergency route is 20% higher in Hull compared to England (110 versus 91 per 100,000 population). There are also more people being diagnosed with cancer through non-emergency routes in Hull compared to England.
The fact that a higher proportion of people in Hull are diagnosed with cancer through an emergency route likely means that fewer people are being diagnosed through primary care, which has an impact on stage of diagnosis and the commencement of treatment, with the potential to affect mortality and survival rates.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of emergency admissions with cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 502 | 680 | 815 | 688 | 541 | 695 | 517 | 763 |
Number of emergency presentations (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 91 | 116 | 128 | 110 | 122 | 105 | 108 | 122 |
Number of other (non-emergency) presentations (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 411 | 481 | 555 | 441 | 429 | 440 | 457 | 514 |
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of emergency admissions with cancer (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 502 | 680 | 815 | 688 | 541 | 695 | 517 | 763 |
Number of emergency presentations (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 91 | 116 | 128 | 110 | 122 | 105 | 108 | 122 |
Number of other (non-emergency) presentations (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 411 | 481 | 555 | 441 | 429 | 440 | 457 | 514 |
The rate of emergency admissions with cancer had been between 500 and 600 per 100,000 population between 2009/10 and 2017/18, but increased sharply to 691 and to 760 for 2018/19 and 2019/20 respectively. There was since been a sharp fall to 486 per 100,000 population for 2020/21 and it is likely that the COVID-19 pandemic is influential in the change in the rate. However, the rate has increased considerably between 2020/21 and 2021/22 with a smaller increase between 2021/22 and 2022/23. Whilst the latest rate in 2022/23 is lower than it was in 2019/20 prior to the pandemic, the rate in 2019/20 was particularly high.
The rate for England has been more constant increasing gradually from 529 to 559 cancer emergency admissions per 100,000 population between 2012/13 and 2019/20. The rate in England also fell in 2020/21 due to the pandemic and the subsequent rates for 2021/22 and 2022/23 are both lower than the rate in 2019/20.
Compared with benchmark
Number of emergency admissions with cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 1672 | 576 | 549 | 604 | 607 | 529 |
2013/14 | • | 1723 | 597 | 570 | 626 | 612 | 528 |
2014/15 | • | 1745 | 601 | 573 | 630 | 616 | 544 |
2015/16 | • | 1575 | 532 | 507 | 559 | 608 | 544 |
2016/17 | • | 1647 | 534 | 508 | 560 | 664 | 547 |
2017/18 | • | 1695 | 567 | 540 | 594 | 646 | 545 |
2018/19 | • | 2147 | 691 | 662 | 721 | 709 | 554 |
2019/20 | • | 2303 | 760 | 730 | 791 | 735 | 559 |
2020/21 | • | 1476 | 486 | 462 | 512 | 568 | 460 |
2021/22 | • | 1948 | 634 | 606 | 663 | 675 | 519 |
2022/23 | • | 2141 | 688 | 659 | 718 | 680 | 502 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
Whilst the rate of emergency presentations for cancer in Hull has decreased between 2009/10 and 2015/16, the rate remained relatively unchanged between 2015/16 and 2020/21 (despite the pandemic). The rate increased sharply between 2020/21 and 2021/22 which is likely associated with a backlog (despite the relatively unchanged rate between 2019/20 and 2020/21), although the rate decreased sharply between 2021/22 and 2022/23. Despite the recent decrease, the rate for 2022/23 is higher than the five years prior to the pandemic.
Compared with benchmark
Number of emergency presentations (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 347 | 119 | 107 | 133 | 104 | 92 |
2013/14 | • | 347 | 120 | 108 | 134 | 101 | 90 |
2014/15 | • | 325 | 112 | 100 | 125 | 101 | 89 |
2015/16 | • | 292 | 99 | 88 | 111 | 95 | 89 |
2016/17 | • | 296 | 96 | 85 | 107 | 109 | 88 |
2017/18 | • | 301 | 101 | 90 | 113 | 101 | 85 |
2018/19 | • | 315 | 101 | 90 | 113 | 103 | 86 |
2019/20 | • | 323 | 107 | 95 | 119 | 104 | 85 |
2020/21 | • | 312 | 103 | 92 | 115 | 111 | 87 |
2021/22 | • | 417 | 136 | 123 | 149 | 126 | 98 |
2022/23 | • | 342 | 110 | 99 | 122 | 116 | 91 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
Between 2014/15 and 2019/20, the rate of non-emergency presentations for cancer has been relatively static at around 320-340 presentations per 100,000 population. The rate fell to 287 per 100,000 population in 2020/21 likely associated with the pandemic. However, in the last two years the rate has increased sharply and the rate in Hull is the highest it has been at 441 cases of cancer diagnosed through non-emergency presentations per 100,000 population. Furthermore, for the first time since at least 2012/13, the rate in Hull is higher than England.
Compared with benchmark
Number of other (non-emergency) presentations (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 889 | 306 | 286 | 327 | 397 | 347 |
2013/14 | • | 1021 | 354 | 332 | 376 | 430 | 354 |
2014/15 | • | 991 | 341 | 320 | 363 | 419 | 360 |
2015/16 | • | 964 | 326 | 306 | 347 | 414 | 362 |
2016/17 | • | 1003 | 325 | 305 | 346 | 431 | 364 |
2017/18 | • | 1041 | 348 | 327 | 370 | 420 | 362 |
2018/19 | • | 989 | 318 | 299 | 339 | 458 | 378 |
2019/20 | • | 1058 | 349 | 328 | 371 | 418 | 377 |
2020/21 | • | 872 | 287 | 269 | 307 | 328 | 299 |
2021/22 | • | 1190 | 387 | 366 | 410 | 484 | 396 |
2022/23 | • | 1371 | 441 | 418 | 465 | 481 | 411 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The number of inpatient or day-case colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures per 100,000 GP registered population are given on Fingertips.
For 2022/23, the rate of colonoscopy procedures in Hull (03F) is higher than England (767 versus 746), but the rates of sigmoidoscopy (293 versus 324) and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (1,064 versus 1,121) procedures are both lower in Hull.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In-patient or day-case colonoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 746 | 962 | 942 | 767 | 1336 | 1132 | 718 | 1102 |
In-patient or day-case sigmoidoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 324 | 359 | 342 | 293 | 441 | 448 | 353 | 353 |
In-patient or day-case upper GI endoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 1121 | 1376 | 1229 | 1064 | 1656 | 1683 | 1265 | 1556 |
Indicator | Period | England | NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 02Y | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03H | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03K | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03Q | Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 42D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In-patient or day-case colonoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 746 | 962 | 942 | 767 | 1336 | 1132 | 718 | 1102 |
In-patient or day-case sigmoidoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 324 | 359 | 342 | 293 | 441 | 448 | 353 | 353 |
In-patient or day-case upper GI endoscopy procedures (Persons All ages) | 2022/23 | 1121 | 1376 | 1229 | 1064 | 1656 | 1683 | 1265 | 1556 |
The rate of colonoscopy procedures had been consistently and gradually increasing in Hull prior to the COVID-19 pandemic with a decrease in 2020/21 due to the pandemic, although has increased since then. A similar pattern in the rate of colonoscopies occurred for England and the region, although the rate across the region has been consistently higher than the rate in Hull.
Compared with benchmark
In-patient or day-case colonoscopy procedures (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 1747 | 602 | 574 | 630 | 891 | 670 |
2013/14 | • | 1835 | 636 | 608 | 666 | 923 | 669 |
2014/15 | • | 1840 | 634 | 605 | 663 | 942 | 707 |
2015/16 | • | 2007 | 678 | 649 | 708 | 960 | 736 |
2016/17 | • | 2367 | 767 | 737 | 798 | 1015 | 764 |
2017/18 | • | 2053 | 686 | 657 | 717 | 949 | 747 |
2018/19 | • | 2286 | 735 | 706 | 766 | 1013 | 776 |
2019/20 | • | 2298 | 758 | 728 | 790 | 1152 | 798 |
2020/21 | • | 1355 | 447 | 423 | 471 | 671 | 512 |
2021/22 | • | 2212 | 720 | 690 | 751 | 954 | 712 |
2022/23 | • | 2385 | 767 | 736 | 798 | 962 | 746 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The rate of sigmoidoscopy procedures had been increasing between 2009/10 and 2014/15 to a high of 824 procedures per 100,00 population but fell quite sharply over the next three years to 450 in 2017/18. The rate then increased slightly to 507 in 2019/20. The rate fell to one-third what is was in 2020/21 due to the pandemic with only a relatively small increase between 2020/21 and 2022/23. The latest rate in 2022/23 is 42% lower than it was prior to the pandemic in 2019/20.
Since 2016/17, the rate in Hull has followed a similar pattern of change to that of England and the region, although the rate in Hull has been consistently lower than England and the region over this time period.
Compared with benchmark
In-patient or day-case sigmoidoscopy procedures (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 2075 | 715 | 685 | 746 | 520 | 446 |
2013/14 | • | 2241 | 777 | 745 | 809 | 518 | 432 |
2014/15 | • | 2392 | 824 | 791 | 857 | 564 | 445 |
2015/16 | • | 2008 | 679 | 650 | 709 | 505 | 480 |
2016/17 | • | 1429 | 463 | 440 | 488 | 454 | 508 |
2017/18 | • | 1346 | 450 | 427 | 475 | 470 | 523 |
2018/19 | • | 1555 | 500 | 476 | 526 | 554 | 565 |
2019/20 | • | 1536 | 507 | 482 | 533 | 516 | 559 |
2020/21 | • | 527 | 174 | 159 | 189 | 212 | 247 |
2021/22 | • | 935 | 304 | 285 | 325 | 340 | 324 |
2022/23 | • | 910 | 293 | 274 | 312 | 359 | 324 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
The number of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures per 100,000 population showed a similar pattern to that observed for sigmoidoscopy procedures with a gradual increase prior to the pandemic, a sharp decrease (of 54%) followed by an increase in the last two years. However, for the case of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, the rate in 2022/23 is 8% lower than it was in 2019/20 compared to 42% lower for sigmoidoscopy.
The pattern of change for England and the region was reasonably similar to Hull, although the rate in Hull has been consistently lower than the region throughout the entire period 2012/13 to 2022/23 and consistently lower than England between 2015/16 and 2022/23.
Compared with benchmark
In-patient or day-case upper GI endoscopy procedures (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Humber and North Yorkshire ICB - 03F |
NHS Humber and North Yorkshire Integrated Care Board - QOQ
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2012/13 | • | 2926 | 1008 | 972 | 1045 | 1402 | 1104 |
2013/14 | • | 3269 | 1133 | 1095 | 1172 | 1492 | 1159 |
2014/15 | • | 3557 | 1225 | 1186 | 1266 | 1632 | 1219 |
2015/16 | • | 3758 | 1270 | 1230 | 1311 | 1702 | 1309 |
2016/17 | • | 3921 | 1270 | 1231 | 1310 | 1642 | 1283 |
2017/18 | • | 3509 | 1173 | 1135 | 1212 | 1595 | 1257 |
2018/19 | • | 3678 | 1183 | 1146 | 1222 | 1596 | 1248 |
2019/20 | • | 3507 | 1157 | 1120 | 1196 | 1524 | 1234 |
2020/21 | • | 1612 | 531 | 506 | 558 | 852 | 762 |
2021/22 | • | 3012 | 981 | 946 | 1016 | 1334 | 1116 |
2022/23 | • | 3310 | 1064 | 1028 | 1101 | 1376 | 1121 |
Source: NHS England, National Disease Registration Service.
Mortality
Percentage of Deaths Due to Cancer
For 2020, the percentage of deaths with an underlying cause of cancer in Hull is the same for England for all ages, but lower for most age groups with the exception of those aged 85+ years.
Overall, just under one-quarter (24.0%) of all deaths to Hull residents registered in 2020 were due to cancer.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons All ages) | 2020 | 24.3 | 24.0 | 24.3 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 26.8 | 25.5 | 23.7 | 23.4 | 22.7 | 23.9 | 21.2 | 25.9 | 22.3 | 23.8 | 24.0 | 25.0 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons <65 yrs) | 2020 | 31.7 | 31.4 | 29.0 | 38.0 | 35.0 | 36.6 | 35.9 | 31.2 | 30.3 | 28.9 | 32.4 | 28.5 | 32.0 | 28.0 | 30.5 | 28.7 | 35.5 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 65-74 yrs) | 2020 | 38.2 | 37.3 | 36.4 | 43.5 | 41.6 | 42.5 | 41.1 | 33.9 | 34.6 | 34.6 | 39.6 | 31.3 | 38.6 | 34.2 | 35.3 | 35.9 | 43.0 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 75-84 yrs) | 2020 | 27.4 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 30.1 | 28.5 | 26.8 | 30.8 | 27.2 | 26.4 | 26.0 | 25.5 | 22.5 | 30.6 | 26.6 | 26.3 | 27.0 | 28.5 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 85+ yrs) | 2020 | 13.8 | 13.1 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 14.3 | 15.0 | 13.5 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 11.5 | 13.5 | 11.8 | 13.4 | 11.1 | 14.3 | 11.8 | 13.6 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons All ages) | 2020 | 24.3 | 24.0 | 24.3 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 26.8 | 25.5 | 23.7 | 23.4 | 22.7 | 23.9 | 21.2 | 25.9 | 22.3 | 23.8 | 24.0 | 25.0 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons <65 yrs) | 2020 | 31.7 | 31.4 | 29.0 | 38.0 | 35.0 | 36.6 | 35.9 | 31.2 | 30.3 | 28.9 | 32.4 | 28.5 | 32.0 | 28.0 | 30.5 | 28.7 | 35.5 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 65-74 yrs) | 2020 | 38.2 | 37.3 | 36.4 | 43.5 | 41.6 | 42.5 | 41.1 | 33.9 | 34.6 | 34.6 | 39.6 | 31.3 | 38.6 | 34.2 | 35.3 | 35.9 | 43.0 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 75-84 yrs) | 2020 | 27.4 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 30.1 | 28.5 | 26.8 | 30.8 | 27.2 | 26.4 | 26.0 | 25.5 | 22.5 | 30.6 | 26.6 | 26.3 | 27.0 | 28.5 |
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 85+ yrs) | 2020 | 13.8 | 13.1 | 14.5 | 13.9 | 14.3 | 15.0 | 13.5 | 12.2 | 12.4 | 11.5 | 13.5 | 11.8 | 13.4 | 11.1 | 14.3 | 11.8 | 13.6 |
There has been considerable variability in the percentage of deaths with an underlying cause of cancer in Hull, but overall the percentage has been decreasing in Hull or remaining the same, with the exception of the 85+ year age group where the percentage has increased recently. However, the percentages generally fell between 2019 and 2020 particularly among the oldest age groups who were most at risk of dying from COVID-19.
Compared with benchmark
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009 | • | 723 | 29.8% | 28.0% | 31.7% | 28.2% | 28.1% |
2010 | • | 654 | 28.5% | 26.7% | 30.4% | 28.3% | 28.2% |
2011 | • | 699 | 29.7% | 27.9% | 31.6% | 28.9% | 29.1% |
2012 | • | 711 | 30.1% | 28.3% | 32.0% | 28.5% | 28.6% |
2013 | • | 697 | 29.1% | 27.3% | 31.0% | 27.9% | 28.2% |
2014 | • | 678 | 27.5% | 25.8% | 29.3% | 28.7% | 28.8% |
2015 | • | 709 | 28.4% | 26.7% | 30.2% | 27.4% | 27.4% |
2016 | • | 666 | 26.8% | 25.1% | 28.6% | 27.7% | 28.0% |
2017 | • | 758 | 28.7% | 27.0% | 30.4% | 27.4% | 27.6% |
2018 | • | 632 | 25.3% | 23.6% | 27.1% | 27.2% | 27.2% |
2019 | • | 708 | 28.0% | 26.3% | 29.8% | 27.4% | 27.9% |
2020 | • | 694 | 24.3% | 22.7% | 25.9% | 24.0% | 24.3% |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 85+ yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009 | • | 128 | 17.5% | 14.9% | 20.5% | 15.5% | 15.1% |
2010 | • | 117 | 17.0% | 14.3% | 19.9% | 15.4% | 15.3% |
2011 | • | 111 | 15.9% | 13.4% | 18.8% | 15.6% | 16.0% |
2012 | • | 130 | 16.9% | 14.4% | 19.7% | 15.6% | 15.6% |
2013 | • | 130 | 15.9% | 13.6% | 18.6% | 15.1% | 15.3% |
2014 | • | 114 | 14.7% | 12.3% | 17.3% | 15.7% | 16.2% |
2015 | • | 116 | 13.7% | 11.5% | 16.2% | 14.8% | 14.9% |
2016 | • | 143 | 17.3% | 14.9% | 20.0% | 15.1% | 15.6% |
2017 | • | 144 | 16.6% | 14.3% | 19.3% | 15.0% | 15.3% |
2018 | • | 150 | 17.2% | 14.8% | 19.8% | 15.3% | 15.2% |
2019 | • | 155 | 19.7% | 17.1% | 22.7% | 16.0% | 16.0% |
2020 | • | 135 | 14.5% | 12.4% | 17.0% | 13.1% | 13.8% |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 75-84 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009 | • | 236 | 31.3% | 28.1% | 34.7% | 29.3% | 29.8% |
2010 | • | 194 | 27.1% | 24.0% | 30.5% | 29.4% | 30.3% |
2011 | • | 228 | 31.0% | 27.8% | 34.5% | 30.2% | 31.1% |
2012 | • | 238 | 30.9% | 27.8% | 34.3% | 30.1% | 31.0% |
2013 | • | 212 | 29.6% | 26.3% | 33.0% | 29.6% | 30.6% |
2014 | • | 219 | 29.2% | 26.0% | 32.5% | 30.7% | 31.5% |
2015 | • | 230 | 30.9% | 27.7% | 34.3% | 29.4% | 30.5% |
2016 | • | 200 | 27.9% | 24.7% | 31.2% | 30.0% | 31.2% |
2017 | • | 247 | 32.5% | 29.3% | 35.9% | 30.3% | 30.8% |
2018 | • | 209 | 28.1% | 24.9% | 31.4% | 30.3% | 30.6% |
2019 | • | 205 | 27.7% | 24.6% | 31.0% | 30.6% | 31.5% |
2020 | • | 201 | 24.2% | 21.5% | 27.3% | 26.8% | 27.4% |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons 65-74 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009 | • | 177 | 40.0% | 35.5% | 44.6% | 42.4% | 43.9% |
2010 | • | 174 | 42.0% | 37.4% | 46.8% | 43.4% | 43.8% |
2011 | • | 192 | 44.9% | 40.2% | 49.6% | 45.1% | 45.3% |
2012 | • | 172 | 44.9% | 40.0% | 49.9% | 44.2% | 45.0% |
2013 | • | 164 | 41.5% | 36.8% | 46.4% | 45.1% | 45.2% |
2014 | • | 184 | 39.3% | 35.0% | 43.8% | 45.2% | 45.1% |
2015 | • | 201 | 44.3% | 39.8% | 48.9% | 43.4% | 44.2% |
2016 | • | 172 | 38.4% | 34.0% | 43.0% | 43.0% | 44.1% |
2017 | • | 209 | 43.0% | 38.7% | 47.4% | 43.0% | 43.8% |
2018 | • | 162 | 35.3% | 31.1% | 39.8% | 42.2% | 42.6% |
2019 | • | 197 | 39.7% | 35.5% | 44.1% | 42.1% | 43.1% |
2020 | • | 192 | 36.4% | 32.4% | 40.6% | 37.3% | 38.2% |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Percentage of deaths with underlying cause Cancer (Persons <65 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2009 | • | 182 | 36.5% | 32.4% | 40.8% | 37.2% | 37.9% |
2010 | • | 169 | 35.4% | 31.3% | 39.8% | 37.8% | 38.2% |
2011 | • | 168 | 34.4% | 30.3% | 38.7% | 38.1% | 39.1% |
2012 | • | 171 | 39.0% | 34.6% | 43.7% | 39.3% | 39.8% |
2013 | • | 191 | 41.0% | 36.6% | 45.5% | 37.5% | 38.4% |
2014 | • | 161 | 34.4% | 30.2% | 38.8% | 37.6% | 38.0% |
2015 | • | 162 | 36.0% | 31.7% | 40.5% | 36.8% | 37.3% |
2016 | • | 151 | 30.9% | 26.9% | 35.1% | 36.4% | 37.0% |
2017 | • | 158 | 29.8% | 26.0% | 33.8% | 35.0% | 36.7% |
2018 | • | 111 | 26.5% | 22.5% | 30.9% | 33.6% | 35.9% |
2019 | • | 151 | 29.7% | 25.9% | 33.8% | 32.9% | 35.8% |
2020 | • | 166 | 29.0% | 25.4% | 32.8% | 31.4% | 31.7% |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Overall Mortality Rates
Fingertips present the standardised mortality ratios for cancer both for deaths for all ages and deaths which occurred prior to the age of 75 years. In 2016-20, cancer mortality rates in Hull are 31% higher than England for all ages and 29% higher for those aged under 75 years.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deaths from all cancer, all ages, standardised mortality ratio (Persons All ages) | 2016 - 20 | 100.0 | - | 130.7 | 98.5 | 112.9 | 107.3 | 98.7 | 110.7 | 116.1 | 112.5 | 106.6 | 103.7 | 107.0 | 102.4 | 109.5 | 110.5 | 92.0 |
Deaths from all cancer, under 75 years, standardised mortality ratio (Persons <75 yrs) | 2016 - 20 | 100.0 | - | 129.0 | 93.6 | 118.8 | 109.2 | 101.9 | 111.2 | 117.6 | 116.5 | 105.5 | 109.1 | 105.7 | 105.4 | 110.9 | 111.3 | 90.6 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Deaths from all cancer, all ages, standardised mortality ratio (Persons All ages) | 2016 - 20 | 100.0 | - | 130.7 | 98.5 | 112.9 | 107.3 | 98.7 | 110.7 | 116.1 | 112.5 | 106.6 | 103.7 | 107.0 | 102.4 | 109.5 | 110.5 | 92.0 |
Deaths from all cancer, under 75 years, standardised mortality ratio (Persons <75 yrs) | 2016 - 20 | 100.0 | - | 129.0 | 93.6 | 118.8 | 109.2 | 101.9 | 111.2 | 117.6 | 116.5 | 105.5 | 109.1 | 105.7 | 105.4 | 110.9 | 111.3 | 90.6 |
For deaths registered during 2020-22, the under 75 directly standardised mortality rate per 100,000 population (standardised to the European Standard Population) for Hull is 32% higher than England and highest across Yorkshire and Humber.
Compared to England, the cancer mortality rates were 34% higher in Hull for both men and women.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | North Yorkshire UA | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 123.2 | 132.4 | 165.4 | 118.8 | 151.0 | 135.9 | 131.0 | 111.0 | 149.4 | 148.1 | 143.3 | 135.1 | 131.4 | 126.8 | 125.5 | 131.6 | 139.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 135.9 | 144.7 | 182.3 | 128.8 | 159.8 | 151.4 | 144.7 | 119.8 | 160.5 | 156.1 | 142.5 | 147.5 | 146.9 | 141.8 | 142.0 | 151.8 | 146.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 111.4 | 120.9 | 148.9 | 109.5 | 142.9 | 121.1 | 118.7 | 102.5 | 138.8 | 140.7 | 144.4 | 123.5 | 116.7 | 112.6 | 110.0 | 113.0 | 133.0 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | North Yorkshire UA | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 123.2 | 132.4 | 165.4 | 118.8 | 151.0 | 135.9 | 131.0 | 111.0 | 149.4 | 148.1 | 143.3 | 135.1 | 131.4 | 126.8 | 125.5 | 131.6 | 139.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 135.9 | 144.7 | 182.3 | 128.8 | 159.8 | 151.4 | 144.7 | 119.8 | 160.5 | 156.1 | 142.5 | 147.5 | 146.9 | 141.8 | 142.0 | 151.8 | 146.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 111.4 | 120.9 | 148.9 | 109.5 | 142.9 | 121.1 | 118.7 | 102.5 | 138.8 | 140.7 | 144.4 | 123.5 | 116.7 | 112.6 | 110.0 | 113.0 | 133.0 |
There were 1,062 premature deaths from cancer among Hull residents that were registered during the three year period 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 182134 | 123.2 | 122.7 | 123.8 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 19558 | 132.4 | 130.6 | 134.3 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 1062 | 165.4 | 155.5 | 175.6 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 1393 | 118.8 | 112.6 | 125.3 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 685 | 151.0 | 139.9 | 162.8 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 701 | 135.9 | 126.0 | 146.4 | ||
York | 682 | 131.0 | 121.3 | 141.2 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 2262 | 111.0 | 106.4 | 115.7 | ||
Barnsley | 1036 | 149.4 | 140.4 | 158.8 | ||
Doncaster | 1274 | 148.1 | 140.1 | 156.5 | ||
Rotherham | 1059 | 143.3 | 134.8 | 152.2 | ||
Sheffield | 1792 | 135.1 | 128.9 | 141.5 | ||
Bradford | 1661 | 131.4 | 125.1 | 137.9 | ||
Calderdale | 738 | 126.8 | 117.8 | 136.3 | ||
Kirklees | 1415 | 125.5 | 119.0 | 132.2 | ||
Leeds | 2438 | 131.6 | 126.4 | 136.9 | ||
Wakefield | 1360 | 139.4 | 132.1 | 147.1 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For men, there were 582 premature deaths from cancer among Hull residents that were registered during the three year period 2020-22.
The mortality rate is considerably higher than all other local authorities in the region for 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 97316 | 135.9 | 135.1 | 136.8 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 10438 | 144.7 | 142.0 | 147.5 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 582 | 182.3 | 167.8 | 197.8 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 744 | 128.8 | 119.6 | 138.6 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 356 | 159.8 | 143.6 | 177.3 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 387 | 151.4 | 136.7 | 167.3 | ||
York | 362 | 144.7 | 130.1 | 160.4 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 1199 | 119.8 | 113.1 | 126.8 | ||
Barnsley | 548 | 160.5 | 147.3 | 174.5 | ||
Doncaster | 657 | 156.1 | 144.4 | 168.5 | ||
Rotherham | 514 | 142.5 | 130.4 | 155.4 | ||
Sheffield | 954 | 147.5 | 138.2 | 157.1 | ||
Bradford | 904 | 146.9 | 137.4 | 156.8 | ||
Calderdale | 402 | 141.8 | 128.2 | 156.3 | ||
Kirklees | 781 | 142.0 | 132.2 | 152.3 | ||
Leeds | 1351 | 151.8 | 143.8 | 160.1 | ||
Wakefield | 697 | 146.4 | 135.7 | 157.7 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For women, there were 480 premature deaths from cancer among Hull residents that were registered during the three year period 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 84818 | 111.4 | 110.7 | 112.2 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 9120 | 120.9 | 118.4 | 123.4 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 480 | 148.9 | 135.8 | 162.8 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 649 | 109.5 | 101.1 | 118.4 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 329 | 142.9 | 127.8 | 159.3 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 314 | 121.1 | 108.0 | 135.3 | ||
York | 320 | 118.7 | 106.0 | 132.5 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 1063 | 102.5 | 96.4 | 108.9 | ||
Barnsley | 488 | 138.8 | 126.8 | 151.8 | ||
Doncaster | 617 | 140.7 | 129.7 | 152.2 | ||
Rotherham | 545 | 144.4 | 132.5 | 157.1 | ||
Sheffield | 838 | 123.5 | 115.3 | 132.2 | ||
Bradford | 757 | 116.7 | 108.5 | 125.3 | ||
Calderdale | 336 | 112.6 | 100.8 | 125.3 | ||
Kirklees | 634 | 110.0 | 101.6 | 118.9 | ||
Leeds | 1087 | 113.0 | 106.4 | 120.0 | ||
Wakefield | 663 | 133.0 | 123.0 | 143.5 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
The premature mortality rate from cancer in Hull has been consistently decreasing between 2001-03 and 2017-19 with a relatively sharp decrease between 2015-17 and 2016-18.
Whilst the mortality rate decreased between 2017-19 and 2018-20, the mortality rate increased in 2019-21 and remained relatively unchanged in 2020-22, which could be associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in contrast, there was no such increase between 2017-19 and 2020-22 for either England or across the region.
In Hull, there were around 25 more premature cancer deaths each year that were registered in 2020-22 compared to 2017-19 prior to the pandemic.
With the relatively sharp decrease in the mortality rate in Hull between 2015-17 and 2016-18 which was maintained until 2018-20, the inequalities gap was reduced in Hull. However, with the increase in the premature cancer mortality rate during the pandemic in Hull, the difference in the mortality rate between Hull and England has increased again, and is at a similar level to that observed prior to 2016-18.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 1095 | 206.2 | 194.1 | 218.8 | 178.7 | 169.4 |
2002 - 04 | • | 1107 | 207.7 | 195.6 | 220.4 | 176.3 | 166.2 |
2003 - 05 | • | 1071 | 200.4 | 188.5 | 212.9 | 170.6 | 162.7 |
2004 - 06 | • | 1088 | 203.6 | 191.6 | 216.2 | 167.0 | 160.0 |
2005 - 07 | • | 1065 | 199.5 | 187.7 | 212.0 | 165.2 | 157.8 |
2006 - 08 | • | 1089 | 204.7 | 192.6 | 217.3 | 164.2 | 155.7 |
2007 - 09 | • | 1081 | 202.9 | 190.9 | 215.5 | 161.6 | 153.2 |
2008 - 10 | • | 1064 | 198.5 | 186.7 | 210.9 | 159.1 | 150.6 |
2009 - 11 | • | 1062 | 197.2 | 185.4 | 209.6 | 158.3 | 148.5 |
2010 - 12 | • | 1046 | 192.6 | 181.0 | 204.8 | 157.4 | 146.5 |
2011 - 13 | • | 1058 | 191.7 | 180.2 | 203.8 | 155.0 | 144.4 |
2012 - 14 | • | 1043 | 186.2 | 175.0 | 198.0 | 151.7 | 141.6 |
2013 - 15 | • | 1063 | 187.9 | 176.6 | 199.6 | 148.5 | 138.9 |
2014 - 16 | • | 1031 | 179.4 | 168.5 | 190.8 | 146.4 | 137.1 |
2015 - 17 | • | 1053 | 179.5 | 168.7 | 190.8 | 143.7 | 134.9 |
2016 - 18 | • | 963 | 159.9 | 149.9 | 170.4 | 141.4 | 132.7 |
2017 - 19 | • | 988 | 160.8 | 150.9 | 171.2 | 137.9 | 129.7 |
2018 - 20 | • | 979 | 156.2 | 146.5 | 166.3 | 136.0 | 127.6 |
2019 - 21 | • | 1062 | 166.7 | 156.8 | 177.0 | 133.5 | 124.8 |
2020 - 22 | • | 1062 | 165.4 | 155.5 | 175.6 | 132.4 | 123.2 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For men, there has been slightly more year-on-year variability, but there has been a decreasing trend in the premature cancer mortality rate between 2001-03 and 2020-22. With the periodic increases in the mortality for Hull men, the increase in the last two years is less evident.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 645 | 253.7 | 234.4 | 274.1 | 206.0 | 193.6 |
2002 - 04 | • | 644 | 252.7 | 233.5 | 273.2 | 203.7 | 189.7 |
2003 - 05 | • | 615 | 239.4 | 220.7 | 259.2 | 195.2 | 184.7 |
2004 - 06 | • | 610 | 236.9 | 218.4 | 256.7 | 190.1 | 181.0 |
2005 - 07 | • | 587 | 227.6 | 209.4 | 247.0 | 185.2 | 177.7 |
2006 - 08 | • | 591 | 229.5 | 211.2 | 248.9 | 183.6 | 174.9 |
2007 - 09 | • | 597 | 230.4 | 212.1 | 249.8 | 180.3 | 171.8 |
2008 - 10 | • | 583 | 223.1 | 205.2 | 242.2 | 178.5 | 168.9 |
2009 - 11 | • | 572 | 219.3 | 201.4 | 238.2 | 178.1 | 166.3 |
2010 - 12 | • | 541 | 205.8 | 188.6 | 224.1 | 176.8 | 163.6 |
2011 - 13 | • | 564 | 210.3 | 193.1 | 228.7 | 173.7 | 160.9 |
2012 - 14 | • | 565 | 207.5 | 190.5 | 225.7 | 169.8 | 157.7 |
2013 - 15 | • | 573 | 209.3 | 192.3 | 227.5 | 166.8 | 155.0 |
2014 - 16 | • | 554 | 198.9 | 182.4 | 216.5 | 163.8 | 152.4 |
2015 - 17 | • | 578 | 201.0 | 184.8 | 218.3 | 160.8 | 150.0 |
2016 - 18 | • | 547 | 184.0 | 168.8 | 200.2 | 156.5 | 147.1 |
2017 - 19 | • | 570 | 186.9 | 171.8 | 203.0 | 154.0 | 143.9 |
2018 - 20 | • | 552 | 177.6 | 163.1 | 193.1 | 150.9 | 141.0 |
2019 - 21 | • | 593 | 187.3 | 172.5 | 203.1 | 147.8 | 137.7 |
2020 - 22 | • | 582 | 182.3 | 167.8 | 197.8 | 144.7 | 135.9 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For women, the premature cancer mortality rate was 10% higher in Hull compared to England in 2001-03 but increased gradually to a difference of 32% in 2006-08. This relatively large inequalities gap was maintained until 2015-17, but there was also a relatively sharp decrease in the mortality rate between 2015-17 and 2016-18. This narrowed the inequalities gap, and in 2016-18, the premature cancer mortality rate was 15% higher in Hull compared to England for women. However, the mortality rate increased from 135 to 149 deaths per 100,000 population between 2017-19 and 2020-22 which was likely associated with the COVID-19 pandemic with an extra 21 premature cancer deaths each year registered in 2020-22 compared to 2017-19. In contrast, the mortality rate continued to decrease between 2017-19 and 2020-22 for both England and the region during the pandemic. This had the consequence of increasing the inequalities gap, and the premature cancer mortality rate among Hull women is now back to where it was in 2015-17 at 34%.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 450 | 162.7 | 148.0 | 178.5 | 154.8 | 147.9 |
2002 - 04 | • | 463 | 166.4 | 151.6 | 182.4 | 152.1 | 145.4 |
2003 - 05 | • | 456 | 164.3 | 149.5 | 180.1 | 148.7 | 143.0 |
2004 - 06 | • | 478 | 173.0 | 157.8 | 189.3 | 146.5 | 141.2 |
2005 - 07 | • | 478 | 174.0 | 158.6 | 190.3 | 147.3 | 139.7 |
2006 - 08 | • | 498 | 182.0 | 166.3 | 198.8 | 147.0 | 138.2 |
2007 - 09 | • | 484 | 177.2 | 161.7 | 193.8 | 144.8 | 136.3 |
2008 - 10 | • | 481 | 175.4 | 160.0 | 191.9 | 141.6 | 133.8 |
2009 - 11 | • | 490 | 177.1 | 161.6 | 193.6 | 140.4 | 132.1 |
2010 - 12 | • | 505 | 181.1 | 165.5 | 197.7 | 139.8 | 130.8 |
2011 - 13 | • | 494 | 174.8 | 159.6 | 191.0 | 138.0 | 129.2 |
2012 - 14 | • | 478 | 166.7 | 152.0 | 182.4 | 135.1 | 126.7 |
2013 - 15 | • | 490 | 168.5 | 153.8 | 184.2 | 131.5 | 124.1 |
2014 - 16 | • | 477 | 161.7 | 147.4 | 177.1 | 130.1 | 122.9 |
2015 - 17 | • | 475 | 159.3 | 145.2 | 174.3 | 127.7 | 121.0 |
2016 - 18 | • | 416 | 136.6 | 123.8 | 150.5 | 127.4 | 119.3 |
2017 - 19 | • | 418 | 135.2 | 122.5 | 148.8 | 122.7 | 116.5 |
2018 - 20 | • | 427 | 135.2 | 122.7 | 148.7 | 122.1 | 115.0 |
2019 - 21 | • | 469 | 146.5 | 133.6 | 160.4 | 120.0 | 112.7 |
2020 - 22 | • | 480 | 148.9 | 135.8 | 162.8 | 120.9 | 111.4 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
Fingertips also gives the standardised mortality rate from cancer among those aged 65+ years, and mortality rates are 38% higher in Hull compared to England for 2021.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality rate from cancer, ages 65+ years (Persons 65+ yrs) | 2021 | 1030.6 | 1090.4 | 1428.3 | 1064.5 | 1234.3 | 1048.4 | 1020.3 | 1203.2 | 1159.7 | 1191.3 | 1095.9 | 987.5 | 1072.5 | 1012.4 | 1105.7 | 1140.1 | 981.1 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality rate from cancer, ages 65+ years (Persons 65+ yrs) | 2021 | 1030.6 | 1090.4 | 1428.3 | 1064.5 | 1234.3 | 1048.4 | 1020.3 | 1203.2 | 1159.7 | 1191.3 | 1095.9 | 987.5 | 1072.5 | 1012.4 | 1105.7 | 1140.1 | 981.1 |
Mortality Rates Across Hull’s Wards
Using the local the number of deaths from the local Primary Care Mortality Database and resident population estimates from the Office for National Statistics, it is possible to calculate the directly standardised mortality rate for all cancer deaths across Hull’s 21 electoral wards and across geographical areas within Hull based on deprivation (Index of Multiple Deprivation). Due the small number of deaths, eight years of data have been combined, and 95% confidence intervals are also given to illustrate the degree of uncertainty associated with the directly standardised mortality rate. The directly standardised mortality rates are given as the number of deaths per 100,000 population standardised to the European Standard Population so are comparable to the mortality rates on Fingertips albeit for a different period of time.
The directly standardised mortality rate for cancers which occurred under the age of 75 years registered during 2014-21 was highest in St Andrew’s & Docklands (224 deaths per 100,000 population), Marfleet (222), Orchard Park (213) and Longhill & Bilton Grange (203) and were statistically significantly higher than the Hull average (174 per 100,00 population). Under 75 mortality rates were statistically significantly lower than the Hull average for Beverley & Newland and Boothferry wards.
Among men aged under 75 years, the mortality rates for cancer were highest in Marfleet (269 per 100,000 population), Longhill & Bilton Grange (246), Orchard Park (241) and Central (225).
Premature mortality rates from cancer were highest in St Andrew’s & Docklands ward for women (219 per 100,000 population) with the next highest rates for Marfleet (222), Orchard Park (213) and North Carr (200).
Within the Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Local Health, the cancer standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) are given for each electoral ward for all ages and for deaths under the age of 75 years. The data presented below relates to the five year period 2016-20 (so slightly different to the period above) and the SMRs are given together with 95% confidence intervals. The SMRs are standardised to England for the period 2016-20 so that any ratio above 100 denotes that the ward has a higher mortality rate for the specific age group compared to England for the period 2016-20, and a ratio below 100 denotes a lower mortality rate.
If the 95% confidence interval does not contain the value of 100, this means that the mortality rate for the ward is statistically significantly different from England after allowing for differences in the age structure between Hull and England.
Mortality rates from cancer for all ages are significantly higher in Hull compared to England for the majority of wards in Hull with only Kingswood, Beverley & Newland, Holderness, Boothferry, Pickering and Avenue not statistically significantly higher than England
For deaths prior to the age of 75 years, the SMRs are significantly higher in Hull for the majority of Hull’s 21 wards. North Carr, West Carr, Orchard Park, University, Longhill & Bilton Grange, Marfleet, Drypool, Newington & Gipsyville, St Andrew’s & Docklands, Derringham, Pickering and Central all have premature mortality rates from cancer which are statistically significantly higher than England.
The differences are quite marked too. West Carr is statistically significantly higher than England with a premature cancer mortality rate 29% higher than England which is considerable, but among the wards that are statistically significantly higher than England it is the lowest standardised mortality ratio. Most of the wards that are higher than England have mortality rates in excess of 40% that of England, and Marfleet has a mortality rate 58% higher than England and St Andrew’s & Docklands has a premature cancer mortality rate 86% higher than England.
Mortality Rates By Local Deprivation Fifth
There was a large difference in the directly standardised mortality rates for cancer deaths occurring under the age of 75 years among people living in the most deprived fifth of areas compared to the least deprived fifth of areas of Hull with mortality rates 1.7 times higher in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull (222 versus 128 deaths per 100,000 population).
The difference in the under 75 year cancer mortality rate was also a similar magnitude between the most and least deprived fifths for men being 1.7 times higher among men living in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull (243 versus 141 per 100,000 population).
The same difference was evident for females too with the mortality rate 1.7 times higher in the most deprived fifth of areas compared to the least deprived fifth of areas of Hull (201 versus 116 per 100,000 population).
Cancers Considered Preventable
The Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Fingertips also gives the mortality rates for cancers that occur prior to the age of 75 years that are considered to be preventable.
For 2020-22, the under 75 standardised mortality rate is 34% higher in Hull than England, but the under 75 mortality rate from causes considered preventable is 47% higher in Hull. Thus, more of the premature cancer deaths in Hull are considered to be preventable.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | North Yorkshire UA | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 123.2 | 132.4 | 165.4 | 118.8 | 151.0 | 135.9 | 131.0 | 111.0 | 149.4 | 148.1 | 143.3 | 135.1 | 131.4 | 126.8 | 125.5 | 131.6 | 139.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 135.9 | 144.7 | 182.3 | 128.8 | 159.8 | 151.4 | 144.7 | 119.8 | 160.5 | 156.1 | 142.5 | 147.5 | 146.9 | 141.8 | 142.0 | 151.8 | 146.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 111.4 | 120.9 | 148.9 | 109.5 | 142.9 | 121.1 | 118.7 | 102.5 | 138.8 | 140.7 | 144.4 | 123.5 | 116.7 | 112.6 | 110.0 | 113.0 | 133.0 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 50.5 | 57.1 | 74.4 | 45.8 | 67.1 | 60.5 | 51.8 | 43.4 | 64.7 | 66.1 | 59.4 | 56.9 | 58.4 | 60.8 | 59.9 | 55.8 | 66.2 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 63.5 | 70.0 | 93.1 | 57.2 | 78.7 | 77.2 | 62.3 | 52.4 | 78.3 | 75.9 | 71.2 | 69.1 | 72.2 | 76.9 | 73.4 | 73.0 | 75.6 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 38.3 | 44.9 | 56.0 | 35.0 | 56.1 | 44.4 | 42.1 | 34.9 | 51.6 | 56.7 | 48.1 | 45.1 | 45.1 | 45.6 | 47.0 | 39.7 | 57.3 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | North Yorkshire UA | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 123.2 | 132.4 | 165.4 | 118.8 | 151.0 | 135.9 | 131.0 | 111.0 | 149.4 | 148.1 | 143.3 | 135.1 | 131.4 | 126.8 | 125.5 | 131.6 | 139.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 135.9 | 144.7 | 182.3 | 128.8 | 159.8 | 151.4 | 144.7 | 119.8 | 160.5 | 156.1 | 142.5 | 147.5 | 146.9 | 141.8 | 142.0 | 151.8 | 146.4 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 111.4 | 120.9 | 148.9 | 109.5 | 142.9 | 121.1 | 118.7 | 102.5 | 138.8 | 140.7 | 144.4 | 123.5 | 116.7 | 112.6 | 110.0 | 113.0 | 133.0 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 50.5 | 57.1 | 74.4 | 45.8 | 67.1 | 60.5 | 51.8 | 43.4 | 64.7 | 66.1 | 59.4 | 56.9 | 58.4 | 60.8 | 59.9 | 55.8 | 66.2 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Male <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 63.5 | 70.0 | 93.1 | 57.2 | 78.7 | 77.2 | 62.3 | 52.4 | 78.3 | 75.9 | 71.2 | 69.1 | 72.2 | 76.9 | 73.4 | 73.0 | 75.6 |
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 38.3 | 44.9 | 56.0 | 35.0 | 56.1 | 44.4 | 42.1 | 34.9 | 51.6 | 56.7 | 48.1 | 45.1 | 45.1 | 45.6 | 47.0 | 39.7 | 57.3 |
Of the 1,062 cancer deaths under the age of 75 years which were registered during 2020-22, 475 (45%) of them were considered to be preventable.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Persons <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 74522 | 50.5 | 50.2 | 50.9 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 8445 | 57.1 | 55.9 | 58.4 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 475 | 74.4 | 67.9 | 81.4 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 542 | 45.8 | 42.0 | 49.9 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 305 | 67.1 | 59.8 | 75.1 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 314 | 60.5 | 54.0 | 67.6 | ||
York | 271 | 51.8 | 45.8 | 58.3 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 900 | 43.4 | 40.6 | 46.4 | ||
Barnsley | 448 | 64.7 | 58.8 | 71.0 | ||
Doncaster | 572 | 66.1 | 60.8 | 71.8 | ||
Rotherham | 438 | 59.4 | 53.9 | 65.2 | ||
Sheffield | 750 | 56.9 | 52.9 | 61.1 | ||
Bradford | 732 | 58.4 | 54.3 | 62.8 | ||
Calderdale | 353 | 60.8 | 54.6 | 67.5 | ||
Kirklees | 673 | 59.9 | 55.5 | 64.6 | ||
Leeds | 1024 | 55.8 | 52.4 | 59.4 | ||
Wakefield | 645 | 66.2 | 61.2 | 71.6 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For men, of the 582 cancer deaths under the age of 75 years which were registered during 2020-22, 296 (51%) of them were considered to be preventable.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Male <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 45409 | 63.5 | 63.0 | 64.1 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 5046 | 70.0 | 68.1 | 72.0 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 296 | 93.1 | 82.8 | 104.4 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 329 | 57.2 | 51.1 | 63.8 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 175 | 78.7 | 67.5 | 91.3 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 199 | 77.2 | 66.8 | 88.7 | ||
York | 156 | 62.3 | 52.9 | 72.8 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 531 | 52.4 | 48.1 | 57.1 | ||
Barnsley | 268 | 78.3 | 69.2 | 88.3 | ||
Doncaster | 320 | 75.9 | 67.8 | 84.7 | ||
Rotherham | 257 | 71.2 | 62.8 | 80.5 | ||
Sheffield | 445 | 69.1 | 62.8 | 75.9 | ||
Bradford | 443 | 72.2 | 65.6 | 79.3 | ||
Calderdale | 218 | 76.9 | 67.0 | 87.9 | ||
Kirklees | 403 | 73.4 | 66.4 | 81.0 | ||
Leeds | 646 | 73.0 | 67.5 | 78.9 | ||
Wakefield | 360 | 75.6 | 68.0 | 83.8 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For women, of the 480 cancer deaths under the age of 75 years which were registered during 2020-22, 179 (37%) of them were considered to be preventable.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Female <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 29113 | 38.3 | 37.8 | 38.7 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 3399 | 44.9 | 43.4 | 46.5 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 179 | 56.0 | 48.1 | 64.8 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 213 | 35.0 | 30.4 | 40.1 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 130 | 56.1 | 46.9 | 66.7 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 115 | 44.4 | 36.6 | 53.4 | ||
York | 115 | 42.1 | 34.8 | 50.6 | ||
North Yorkshire UA | 369 | 34.9 | 31.4 | 38.7 | ||
Barnsley | 180 | 51.6 | 44.3 | 59.7 | ||
Doncaster | 252 | 56.7 | 49.9 | 64.2 | ||
Rotherham | 181 | 48.1 | 41.4 | 55.7 | ||
Sheffield | 305 | 45.1 | 40.2 | 50.5 | ||
Bradford | 289 | 45.1 | 40.1 | 50.6 | ||
Calderdale | 135 | 45.6 | 38.2 | 54.0 | ||
Kirklees | 270 | 47.0 | 41.5 | 52.9 | ||
Leeds | 378 | 39.7 | 35.8 | 44.0 | ||
Wakefield | 285 | 57.3 | 50.8 | 64.3 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
The premature mortality from cancer considered to be preventable has gradually decreased in Hull between 2001-03 and 2020-22 falling by 32.5 deaths per 100,000 population equivalent to a decrease of 44%.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Persons <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 562 | 106.9 | 98.2 | 116.1 | 78.1 | 69.6 |
2002 - 04 | • | 560 | 106.4 | 97.8 | 115.6 | 77.4 | 68.3 |
2003 - 05 | • | 554 | 104.9 | 96.3 | 114.0 | 74.7 | 67.0 |
2004 - 06 | • | 565 | 106.8 | 98.2 | 116.1 | 74.0 | 66.3 |
2005 - 07 | • | 535 | 101.5 | 93.1 | 110.6 | 73.7 | 65.9 |
2006 - 08 | • | 541 | 103.4 | 94.8 | 112.5 | 73.1 | 65.6 |
2007 - 09 | • | 540 | 103.3 | 94.7 | 112.4 | 72.4 | 65.2 |
2008 - 10 | • | 554 | 104.7 | 96.1 | 113.9 | 71.2 | 64.5 |
2009 - 11 | • | 560 | 105.2 | 96.6 | 114.4 | 71.6 | 64.0 |
2010 - 12 | • | 529 | 98.6 | 90.3 | 107.5 | 70.9 | 63.2 |
2011 - 13 | • | 528 | 97.0 | 88.8 | 105.7 | 70.1 | 62.6 |
2012 - 14 | • | 510 | 92.0 | 84.1 | 100.4 | 68.2 | 61.4 |
2013 - 15 | • | 530 | 94.9 | 86.9 | 103.4 | 66.9 | 60.2 |
2014 - 16 | • | 513 | 90.4 | 82.6 | 98.6 | 65.0 | 58.9 |
2015 - 17 | • | 520 | 89.9 | 82.3 | 98.0 | 63.3 | 57.5 |
2016 - 18 | • | 474 | 79.6 | 72.5 | 87.1 | 61.4 | 56.0 |
2017 - 19 | • | 477 | 78.5 | 71.6 | 85.8 | 60.0 | 54.3 |
2018 - 20 | • | 451 | 72.6 | 66.1 | 79.7 | 58.9 | 52.9 |
2019 - 21 | • | 483 | 76.4 | 69.7 | 83.5 | 58.1 | 51.5 |
2020 - 22 | • | 475 | 74.4 | 67.9 | 81.4 | 57.1 | 50.5 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
Among men, the premature mortality from cancer considered to be preventable has gradually decreased in Hull between 2001-03 and 2020-22 falling by 52.8 deaths per 100,000 population equivalent to a decrease of 36%.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Male <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 367 | 145.9 | 131.3 | 161.7 | 104.7 | 95.5 |
2002 - 04 | • | 358 | 143.0 | 128.5 | 158.6 | 102.8 | 93.1 |
2003 - 05 | • | 348 | 137.0 | 122.9 | 152.2 | 97.8 | 90.6 |
2004 - 06 | • | 354 | 138.0 | 123.9 | 153.2 | 96.0 | 88.8 |
2005 - 07 | • | 337 | 131.1 | 117.4 | 146.0 | 94.9 | 87.6 |
2006 - 08 | • | 342 | 135.0 | 121.0 | 150.2 | 93.6 | 86.4 |
2007 - 09 | • | 335 | 131.8 | 118.0 | 146.9 | 92.2 | 85.6 |
2008 - 10 | • | 331 | 129.4 | 115.8 | 144.3 | 89.8 | 84.3 |
2009 - 11 | • | 321 | 124.6 | 111.2 | 139.2 | 90.6 | 83.2 |
2010 - 12 | • | 292 | 112.4 | 99.7 | 126.2 | 89.4 | 81.7 |
2011 - 13 | • | 303 | 113.9 | 101.3 | 127.7 | 88.5 | 80.7 |
2012 - 14 | • | 299 | 110.7 | 98.4 | 124.2 | 86.0 | 79.1 |
2013 - 15 | • | 316 | 116.4 | 103.7 | 130.2 | 84.3 | 77.3 |
2014 - 16 | • | 309 | 111.8 | 99.5 | 125.2 | 81.5 | 75.1 |
2015 - 17 | • | 315 | 110.8 | 98.8 | 123.9 | 79.3 | 73.2 |
2016 - 18 | • | 299 | 101.6 | 90.3 | 113.8 | 76.7 | 71.1 |
2017 - 19 | • | 289 | 95.6 | 84.8 | 107.3 | 75.4 | 69.0 |
2018 - 20 | • | 275 | 89.2 | 79.0 | 100.5 | 73.7 | 66.9 |
2019 - 21 | • | 301 | 95.7 | 85.2 | 107.2 | 72.4 | 65.0 |
2020 - 22 | • | 296 | 93.1 | 82.8 | 104.4 | 70.0 | 63.5 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
Among women, the premature mortality from cancer considered to be preventable increased between 2001-03 and 2009-11, before gradually decreasing between 2009-11 and 2020-22. The decrease over the entire period is by 14.3 deaths per 100,000 population equivalent to a decrease of 20%.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable (Female <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 194 | 70.3 | 60.7 | 80.9 | 54.1 | 46.1 |
2002 - 04 | • | 201 | 72.4 | 62.7 | 83.1 | 54.5 | 45.6 |
2003 - 05 | • | 205 | 74.6 | 64.7 | 85.6 | 53.7 | 45.2 |
2004 - 06 | • | 210 | 77.2 | 67.1 | 88.4 | 54.0 | 45.5 |
2005 - 07 | • | 198 | 73.5 | 63.6 | 84.5 | 54.2 | 45.8 |
2006 - 08 | • | 198 | 73.7 | 63.8 | 84.7 | 54.4 | 46.2 |
2007 - 09 | • | 205 | 76.3 | 66.2 | 87.5 | 54.0 | 46.1 |
2008 - 10 | • | 222 | 81.6 | 71.2 | 93.1 | 54.1 | 46.1 |
2009 - 11 | • | 238 | 87.1 | 76.3 | 98.9 | 54.0 | 46.1 |
2010 - 12 | • | 237 | 86.0 | 75.3 | 97.7 | 53.7 | 45.9 |
2011 - 13 | • | 224 | 81.0 | 70.7 | 92.3 | 52.9 | 45.6 |
2012 - 14 | • | 210 | 74.2 | 64.4 | 85.0 | 51.6 | 44.9 |
2013 - 15 | • | 213 | 74.5 | 64.8 | 85.3 | 50.5 | 44.2 |
2014 - 16 | • | 204 | 70.0 | 60.7 | 80.4 | 49.4 | 43.6 |
2015 - 17 | • | 205 | 69.8 | 60.5 | 80.0 | 48.1 | 42.8 |
2016 - 18 | • | 175 | 58.1 | 49.8 | 67.4 | 46.9 | 41.8 |
2017 - 19 | • | 188 | 61.6 | 53.1 | 71.0 | 45.3 | 40.4 |
2018 - 20 | • | 176 | 56.2 | 48.2 | 65.2 | 44.8 | 39.6 |
2019 - 21 | • | 182 | 57.3 | 49.2 | 66.2 | 44.6 | 38.9 |
2020 - 22 | • | 179 | 56.0 | 48.1 | 64.8 | 44.9 | 38.3 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
Deaths Considered Preventable Differences Across Hull’s Wards
There was a two-fold difference in the directly standardised mortality rate for cancers considered to be preventable that occurred under the age of 75 years in Hull for deaths which were registered during 2014-21.
The highest rates occurred in Marfleet (125 deaths per 100,000 population), Orchard Park (124) and St Andrew’s & Docklands (107), and these rates were statistically significantly higher than the Hull average (84 deaths per 100,000 population).
The mortality rates were statistically lower than the Hull average for Beverley & Newland, Holderness, Boothferry and Bricknell wards.
Among men, the same three wards (Orchard Park, Marfleet and St Andrew’s & Docklands) had the highest mortality rates and were statistically significantly higher than the Hull average. There were fewer than 10 male deaths from cancer that were considered to be preventable for Kingswood registered within the eight year period and it is not possible to calculate a reliable estimate of the directly standardised mortality rate.
Among women, the highest mortality rates from cancer considered to be preventable also occurred within Marfleet and St Andrew’s & Docklands wards which had mortality rates statistically significantly higher than the Hull average. North Carr, West Carr and Orchard Park also had high mortality rates among women for deaths registered during 2014-21.
There were fewer than 10 female deaths from cancer that were considered to be preventable for Kingswood and University registered within the eight year period and it is not possible to calculate a reliable estimate of the directly standardised mortality rate.
Deaths Considered Preventable Differences By Local Deprivation Fifth
Across the different areas of Hull based on deprivation, there was a huge difference in the directly standardised mortality rate for cancer deaths considered preventable that occurred under the age of 75 years that were registered during 2014-21. The mortality rate was 118 deaths per 100,000 population among people who lived in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull compared to 52 deaths per 100,000 population among people who lived in the least deprived fifth of areas of Hull. The differences were very stark, and were statistically significant. The mortality rate was 2.3 times higher among people living in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull.
The relative difference between the most and least deprived areas of Hull was greater for cancer deaths considered to be preventable compared to cancer deaths under the age of 75 years because there was a higher rate of preventable deaths among people living in the most deprived areas of Hull.
A similar pattern of mortality across the local deprivation fifths occurred for men with a wide difference in the mortality rates between the most and least deprived fifth of areas of Hull (142 versus 66 per 100,000 population). The mortality rate was 2.1 times higher among men living in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull.
For women, the differences were even more marked with the mortality rate being 2.5 times higher among women living in the most deprived fifth of areas of Hull. The directly standardised mortality rate was 93 per 100,000 population among women living in the most deprived areas of Hull compared to 38 per 100,000 population among women living in the least deprived areas of Hull.
Deaths by Cancer Site
From the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service, the number of deaths from different cancer sites for males and females separately are given for the three year period 2018-20.
Over the three year period, there were 1,064 cancer deaths among men and 953 cancer deaths among women. The highest proportion were lung cancer deaths for both men (28%) and women (27%) followed by breast cancer deaths for women (15%), prostate cancer deaths for men (13%), and colorectal deaths for men (10%) and women (9%).
Cancer site | ICD 10 code | Males | Females | Persons |
Oesophagus | C15 | 62 | 31 | 93 |
Stomach | C16 | 44 | 19 | 63 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | 108 | 85 | 193 |
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts | C22 | 28 | 20 | 48 |
Pancreas | C25 | 50 | 44 | 94 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | 295 | 253 | 548 |
Malignant melanoma of skin | C43 | 12 | 5 | 17 |
Breast | C50 | 145 | ||
Cervix uteri | C53 | 9 | 9 | |
Uterus | C54-C55 | 25 | 25 | |
Ovary | C56-C57 | 30 | 30 | |
Prostate | C61 | 139 | 139 | |
Kidney, except renal pelvis | C64 | 24 | 23 | 47 |
Bladder | C67 | 37 | 24 | 61 |
Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms | C90 | 18 | 15 | 33 |
Leukaemia | C91-C95 | 23 | 19 | 42 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | 1,064 | 953 | 2,017 |
The table below gives the standardised mortality rate so compares the number of deaths in Hull with England after adjusting for the age structure of Hull’s population. The rates are given as the number of cancers deaths occurring over the three year period 2018-20 per 100,000 person-years . For most cancers, the numbers are relatively small so it is not possible to examine mortality rate for males and females separately.
The all-age mortality rates in Hull are more than 20% higher than those of England for cancer of the lung (72%), stomach (66%), breast (29%) and oesophagus (22%). The mortality rate from liver cancer, skin cancer and ovarian cancer were lower in Hull as were rates of leukaemia.
Overall, the directly standardised mortality rate from cancer was 27% higher in Hull compared to England (22% for men and 30% for women).
Cancer site | ICD 10 code | Gender | Hull | England |
Oesophagus | C15 | Persons | 15.8 | 13.0 |
Stomach | C16 | Persons | 10.8 | 6.5 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Males | 40.0 | 33.7 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Females | 26.0 | 22.0 |
Colorectal | C18-C20 | Persons | 32.6 | 27.2 |
Liver and intrahepatic bile ducts | C22 | Persons | 8.1 | 9.7 |
Pancreas | C25 | Persons | 15.9 | 16.1 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Males | 109.1 | 64.7 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Females | 80.2 | 46.1 |
Trachea, bronchus and lung | C33-C34 | Persons | 93.2 | 54.3 |
Malignant melanoma of skin | C43 | Persons | 2.8 | 3.9 |
Breast | C50 | Females | 44.3 | 34.4 |
Uterus | C54-C55 | Females | 7.9 | 7.4 |
Ovary | C56-C57 | Females | 9.3 | 13.0 |
Prostate | C61 | Males | 56.1 | 48.1 |
Kidney, except renal pelvis | C64 | Persons | 7.9 | 6.6 |
Bladder | C67 | Persons | 10.6 | 9.1 |
Multiple myeloma and plasma cell neoplasms | C90 | Persons | 5.7 | 5.2 |
Leukaemia | C91-C95 | Persons | 7.2 | 7.9 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Males | 398.4 | 325.5 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Females | 296.5 | 228.5 |
All cancers | C00-C97 excl C44 | Persons | 342.0 | 269.7 |
Lung Cancer
For deaths registered during 2020-22, compared to England, mortality rates from lung cancer (all deaths at any age) were 80% higher in Hull.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality rate from lung cancer, all ages (Persons All ages) | 2020 - 22 | 48.9 | 58.1 | 88.2 | 45.1 | 72.2 | 56.8 | 48.9 | 69.5 | 70.8 | 58.0 | 59.5 | 57.7 | 56.3 | 58.0 | 60.3 | 67.3 |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mortality rate from lung cancer, all ages (Persons All ages) | 2020 - 22 | 48.9 | 58.1 | 88.2 | 45.1 | 72.2 | 56.8 | 48.9 | 69.5 | 70.8 | 58.0 | 59.5 | 57.7 | 56.3 | 58.0 | 60.3 | 67.3 |
There were 567 deaths from lung cancer among Hull residents that were registered during 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Mortality rate from lung cancer, all ages (Persons All ages) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 80065 | 48.9 | 48.6 | 49.2 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 9458 | 58.1 | 57.0 | 59.3 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 567 | 88.2 | 81.1 | 95.8 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 627 | 45.1 | 41.6 | 48.8 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 371 | 72.2 | 65.0 | 79.9 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 328 | 56.8 | 50.8 | 63.4 | ||
York | 297 | 48.9 | 43.4 | 54.8 | ||
Barnsley | 516 | 69.5 | 63.6 | 75.8 | ||
Doncaster | 662 | 70.8 | 65.5 | 76.5 | ||
Rotherham | 471 | 58.0 | 52.8 | 63.5 | ||
Sheffield | 897 | 59.5 | 55.7 | 63.6 | ||
Bradford | 758 | 57.7 | 53.6 | 62.0 | ||
Calderdale | 347 | 56.3 | 50.5 | 62.5 | ||
Kirklees | 700 | 58.0 | 53.8 | 62.5 | ||
Leeds | 1208 | 60.3 | 56.9 | 63.8 | ||
Wakefield | 703 | 67.3 | 62.4 | 72.4 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
There has been a gradual decrease in the mortality rate from lung cancer in Hull.
Compared with benchmark
Mortality rate from lung cancer, all ages (Persons All ages)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 638 | 110.3 | 101.9 | 119.2 | 76.8 | 65.1 |
2002 - 04 | • | 627 | 108.7 | 100.3 | 117.6 | 75.5 | 64.1 |
2003 - 05 | • | 626 | 108.5 | 100.2 | 117.4 | 73.9 | 63.4 |
2004 - 06 | • | 640 | 110.8 | 102.3 | 119.8 | 73.2 | 63.1 |
2005 - 07 | • | 633 | 109.9 | 101.4 | 118.8 | 74.3 | 63.4 |
2006 - 08 | • | 652 | 113.2 | 104.6 | 122.3 | 75.5 | 63.6 |
2007 - 09 | • | 660 | 114.6 | 106.0 | 123.7 | 75.4 | 63.3 |
2008 - 10 | • | 645 | 111.4 | 102.9 | 120.4 | 74.2 | 62.6 |
2009 - 11 | • | 634 | 109.2 | 100.9 | 118.2 | 73.4 | 61.7 |
2010 - 12 | • | 585 | 100.0 | 92.0 | 108.5 | 71.9 | 60.9 |
2011 - 13 | • | 579 | 97.9 | 90.0 | 106.2 | 71.3 | 60.3 |
2012 - 14 | • | 588 | 98.1 | 90.3 | 106.4 | 70.2 | 59.7 |
2013 - 15 | • | 622 | 103.0 | 95.0 | 111.5 | 69.0 | 58.9 |
2014 - 16 | • | 626 | 102.9 | 94.9 | 111.3 | 67.8 | 57.9 |
2015 - 17 | • | 641 | 105.2 | 97.1 | 113.7 | 66.0 | 56.6 |
2016 - 18 | • | 588 | 95.8 | 88.1 | 103.9 | 65.0 | 55.1 |
2017 - 19 | • | 592 | 95.0 | 87.4 | 103.0 | 62.9 | 53.4 |
2018 - 20 | • | 548 | 86.9 | 79.8 | 94.6 | 61.2 | 51.8 |
2019 - 21 | • | 579 | 90.7 | 83.4 | 98.5 | 59.0 | 50.2 |
2020 - 22 | • | 567 | 88.2 | 81.1 | 95.8 | 58.1 | 48.9 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
For lung cancer, over the 18 year period, the age standardised mortality rate has decreased among Hull men by 33%. However, the mortality rate among women has shown a general tendency to increase over time, although the relatively large fall of 12% in the last year has meant that over the entire 18 year period the mortality rate among Hull women fell by 3% (over the 17 years prior to this the mortality rate had increased by 10%).
The inequalities gap between Hull and England for men has remained approximately the same over the 16 year period with similar falls in the mortality rate for lung cancer (-30 and -32% respectively). However, for women the inequalities gap for lung cancer mortality has increased between Hull and England because the increase in the mortality rate over the 16 year period has been greater in Hull than England (+10% versus -2%).
The inequalities gap between Hull and England has remained relatively unchanged over the 18 year period. In 2001-03, the mortality rate was 70% higher in Hull compared to England (66% for men and 71% for women) and in 2018-20 the mortality rate was 72% higher in Hull compared to England (69% for men and 74% for women).
Colorectal Cancer
For deaths registered during 2020-22, the premature mortality rate from colorectal cancer (deaths under the age of 75 years) was 15% higher in Hull compared to England.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from colorectal cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 10.3 | 11.8 | 9.2 | 14.1 | 12.0 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 14.0 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 10.5 | - |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from colorectal cancer (Persons <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 13.7 | 10.3 | 11.8 | 9.2 | 14.1 | 12.0 | 13.2 | 12.7 | 14.0 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 10.5 | - |
There were 89 deaths prior to the age of 75 years from colorectal cancer that were registered during 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from colorectal cancer (Persons <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 17528 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 12.0 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 1756 | 11.9 | 11.3 | 12.5 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 89 | 13.7 | 11.0 | 16.9 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 124 | 10.3 | 8.6 | 12.3 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 54 | 11.8 | 8.9 | 15.4 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 47 | 9.2 | 6.7 | 12.2 | ||
York | 73 | 14.1 | 11.0 | 17.7 | ||
Barnsley | 83 | 12.0 | 9.5 | 14.8 | ||
Doncaster | 114 | 13.2 | 10.9 | 15.9 | ||
Rotherham | 94 | 12.7 | 10.3 | 15.6 | ||
Sheffield | 186 | 14.0 | 12.0 | 16.1 | ||
Bradford | 155 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 14.3 | ||
Calderdale | 61 | 10.3 | 7.9 | 13.3 | ||
Kirklees | 126 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 13.3 | ||
Leeds | 224 | 12.1 | 10.5 | 13.8 | ||
Wakefield | 102 | 10.5 | 8.5 | 12.7 | ||
North Yorkshire Cty | - | - | - | - |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
There has been a gradual decrease in the premature mortality rate from colorectal cancer in Hull between 2001-03 and 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from colorectal cancer (Persons <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 99 | 18.8 | 15.3 | 22.9 | 16.4 | 15.9 |
2002 - 04 | • | 101 | 19.2 | 15.6 | 23.3 | 16.2 | 15.7 |
2003 - 05 | • | 95 | 18.2 | 14.7 | 22.2 | 15.5 | 15.4 |
2004 - 06 | • | 84 | 16.4 | 13.1 | 20.3 | 14.7 | 15.0 |
2005 - 07 | • | 73 | 14.1 | 11.1 | 17.7 | 14.5 | 14.6 |
2006 - 08 | • | 87 | 16.7 | 13.3 | 20.6 | 14.4 | 14.3 |
2007 - 09 | • | 90 | 17.0 | 13.6 | 20.9 | 14.0 | 14.0 |
2008 - 10 | • | 87 | 16.3 | 13.1 | 20.2 | 13.9 | 13.7 |
2009 - 11 | • | 85 | 15.8 | 12.6 | 19.6 | 13.5 | 13.2 |
2010 - 12 | • | 88 | 16.4 | 13.1 | 20.2 | 13.6 | 13.0 |
2011 - 13 | • | 92 | 17.0 | 13.7 | 20.9 | 13.3 | 12.7 |
2012 - 14 | • | 86 | 15.8 | 12.6 | 19.6 | 12.8 | 12.3 |
2013 - 15 | • | 82 | 14.7 | 11.7 | 18.3 | 12.7 | 12.1 |
2014 - 16 | • | 88 | 15.4 | 12.4 | 19.1 | 12.4 | 12.0 |
2015 - 17 | • | 92 | 15.6 | 12.6 | 19.2 | 12.6 | 12.0 |
2016 - 18 | • | 82 | 13.5 | 10.7 | 16.8 | 12.2 | 11.9 |
2017 - 19 | • | 85 | 13.6 | 10.8 | 16.8 | 12.1 | 11.8 |
2018 - 20 | • | 90 | 14.0 | 11.2 | 17.2 | 12.2 | 11.9 |
2019 - 21 | • | 95 | 14.7 | 11.9 | 17.9 | 11.9 | 11.8 |
2020 - 22 | • | 89 | 13.7 | 11.0 | 16.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
In Hull, the mortality rate from colorectal cancer is also statistically significantly higher among men compared to women with rates 53% higher among men for the latest period 2018-20. However, the gap between men and women has reduced over time as rates were almost twice as high in men compared to women in 2001-03 (92% higher).
Over the 18 year period, the rates have decreased by 24% for men and by 7% for women.
Mortality rates from colorectal cancer are higher in Hull compared to England for both men and women. Between 2001-03 and 2018-20, mortality rates from colorectal cancer decreased by a similar percentage in Hull compared to England among men (-24% versus -22%), but for women the mortality rates have decreased by 7% in Hull which is a slower rate of decline compared to England (-17%). Thus the inequalities gap between Hull and England has widened for women in relation to mortality from colorectal cancer.
Breast Cancer
For deaths registered during 2020-22, the mortality rate from breast cancer is 26% higher in Hull compared to England among women aged under 75 years.
Compared with benchmark
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from breast cancer (Female) (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 23.0 | 20.0 | 18.0 | 23.5 | 18.6 | 22.9 | 18.8 | 21.3 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.7 | 17.9 | 17.1 | 19.1 | - |
Indicator | Period | England | Yorkshire and the Humber region | Kingston upon Hull | East Riding of Yorkshire | North East Lincolnshire | North Lincolnshire | York | Barnsley | Doncaster | Rotherham | Sheffield | Bradford | Calderdale | Kirklees | Leeds | Wakefield | North Yorkshire Cty |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Under 75 mortality rate from breast cancer (Female) (Female <75 yrs) | 2020 - 22 | 18.3 | 18.4 | 23.0 | 20.0 | 18.0 | 23.5 | 18.6 | 22.9 | 18.8 | 21.3 | 15.8 | 15.9 | 16.7 | 17.9 | 17.1 | 19.1 | - |
There were 76 deaths from breast cancer that were registered among Hull women aged under 75 years during 2020-22.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from breast cancer (Female) (Female <75 yrs) 2020 - 22
Area |
Recent
Trend |
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
England | 13955 | 18.3 | 18.0 | 18.7 | ||
Yorkshire and the Humber region | 1371 | 18.4 | 17.4 | 19.4 | ||
Kingston upon Hull | 76 | 23.0 | 18.1 | 28.8 | ||
East Riding of Yorkshire | 112 | 20.0 | 16.4 | 24.1 | ||
North East Lincolnshire | 40 | 18.0 | 12.8 | 24.5 | ||
North Lincolnshire | 60 | 23.5 | 17.9 | 30.3 | ||
York | 49 | 18.6 | 13.8 | 24.7 | ||
Barnsley | 80 | 22.9 | 18.2 | 28.6 | ||
Doncaster | 79 | 18.8 | 14.8 | 23.4 | ||
Rotherham | 80 | 21.3 | 16.8 | 26.5 | ||
Sheffield | 108 | 15.8 | 13.0 | 19.1 | ||
Bradford | 104 | 15.9 | 13.0 | 19.3 | ||
Calderdale | 50 | 16.7 | 12.4 | 22.1 | ||
Kirklees | 104 | 17.9 | 14.6 | 21.7 | ||
Leeds | 167 | 17.1 | 14.6 | 19.9 | ||
Wakefield | 95 | 19.1 | 15.4 | 23.4 | ||
North Yorkshire Cty | - | - | - | - |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
The premature mortality rate for breast cancer increased among Hull women from 23.0 deaths per 100,000 population in 2001-03 to a peak of 34.6 deaths per 100,000 population in 2006-08. Since 2006-08, there has been some year-on-year variability, but the rate has shown a general decrease for Hull women. Whilst the premature mortality rate is lower than the peak in 2006-08, the rate for the latest period 2020-22 is the same as it was in 2001-03 at 23.0 deaths per 100,000 population.
Compared with benchmark
Under 75 mortality rate from breast cancer (Female) (Female <75 yrs)
Period
|
Kingston upon Hull |
Yorkshire and the Humber region
|
England
|
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Count
|
Value
|
95%
Lower CI |
95%
Upper CI |
||||
2001 - 03 | • | 63 | 23.0 | 17.7 | 29.4 | 28.5 | 29.8 |
2002 - 04 | • | 66 | 23.7 | 18.3 | 30.2 | 28.2 | 29.1 |
2003 - 05 | • | 71 | 25.1 | 19.6 | 31.7 | 27.6 | 28.4 |
2004 - 06 | • | 84 | 29.1 | 23.2 | 36.1 | 27.4 | 27.8 |
2005 - 07 | • | 93 | 32.9 | 26.5 | 40.3 | 26.7 | 27.3 |
2006 - 08 | • | 96 | 34.6 | 28.0 | 42.3 | 26.6 | 26.6 |
2007 - 09 | • | 85 | 30.7 | 24.5 | 38.0 | 25.7 | 25.9 |
2008 - 10 | • | 77 | 27.8 | 21.9 | 34.8 | 24.1 | 24.9 |
2009 - 11 | • | 78 | 27.5 | 21.7 | 34.3 | 23.9 | 24.1 |
2010 - 12 | • | 70 | 24.8 | 19.3 | 31.3 | 22.9 | 23.5 |
2011 - 13 | • | 74 | 25.1 | 19.7 | 31.6 | 22.3 | 22.9 |
2012 - 14 | • | 64 | 21.6 | 16.6 | 27.6 | 21.6 | 22.3 |
2013 - 15 | • | 85 | 28.4 | 22.7 | 35.2 | 21.4 | 21.5 |
2014 - 16 | • | 78 | 25.7 | 20.3 | 32.1 | 21.6 | 21.2 |
2015 - 17 | • | 75 | 24.4 | 19.1 | 30.6 | 21.3 | 20.9 |
2016 - 18 | • | 61 | 19.9 | 15.2 | 25.5 | 20.7 | 20.7 |
2017 - 19 | • | 63 | 20.2 | 15.6 | 25.8 | 19.3 | 20.3 |
2018 - 20 | • | 74 | 23.2 | 18.2 | 29.1 | 18.8 | 19.7 |
2019 - 21 | • | 76 | 23.4 | 18.4 | 29.3 | 18.5 | 19.0 |
2020 - 22 | • | 76 | 23.0 | 18.1 | 28.8 | 18.4 | 18.3 |
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (based on Office for National Statistics source data)
Prostate Cancer
Between 2007-09 and 2013-15, the age standardised mortality rate for prostate cancer in Hull was around 45-47 per 100,000 population, but since 2014-15, the mortality rate has gradually increased in Hull to a peak of 61 per 100,000 population in 2017-19. Whilst there has been a fall in the last year to 56 deaths per 100,000 population for 2018-20, the mortality rates in the last three years have all been the highest since at least 2001-03.
Prior to 2014-16, the age standardised mortality rate for prostate cancer in Hull was lower than England, but the rate has increased in Hull since 2012-14 whereas the rate in England has continued to decrease since 2001-03.
Over the entire 18 year period, the mortality rate has increased by 12% in Hull compared to a decrease of 19% for England.
Survival
All Cancers
NHS Digital produce an index of cancer survival for one year survival for Clinical Commissioning Groups. It represents a single summary measure of the overall pattern of net cancer survival. It combines net survival estimates for breast cancer (women only), colorectal cancer, lung cancer and all other invasive cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer and prostate cancer). Net survival is the survival of cancer patients compared to the expected survival of the general population. The estimates are for adults diagnosed with cancer between 2004 and 2019 who were followed-up for one year to the 31 December 2020. These statistics are used to compare the overall pattern of cancer survival over time for each area. NHS Digital state that it may not be statistically appropriate to compare survival estimates across geographical areas due to the differences in the incidence of different cancers. However, when presenting the information, it is difficult to not do this, although there are clear reasons why this is not recommended.
Cancer survival in Hull has continued to improve. For cancers diagnosed in 2004, 62.9% of patients survived one year following their diagnosis, but this has increased to 71.3% for cancers diagnosed in 2019. The figures for Humber, Coast and Vale, and England are also given.
Diagnosis year | Hull | HCV | England |
2004 | 62.9 | 66.2 | 64.4 |
2005 | 63.8 | 66.9 | 65.1 |
2006 | 64.4 | 67.4 | 65.8 |
2007 | 64.9 | 67.9 | 66.6 |
2008 | 65.3 | 68.3 | 67.3 |
2009 | 65.9 | 68.9 | 68.0 |
2010 | 66.3 | 69.3 | 68.6 |
2011 | 66.9 | 69.8 | 68.6 |
2012 | 67.7 | 70.5 | 70.1 |
2013 | 68.2 | 71.0 | 70.8 |
2014 | 68.8 | 71.5 | 71.4 |
2015 | 69.2 | 72.0 | 72.1 |
2016 | 69.8 | 72.4 | 72.7 |
2017 | 70.3 | 72.9 | 73.3 |
2018 | 70.9 | 73.4 | 74.0 |
2019 | 71.3 | 73.9 | 74.6 |
The trends in one year survival for cancer is also presented below graphically
The one year survival in Hull has increased by 8.4 percentage points or by 13% between 2004 and 2019.
As NHS Digital state, a comparison should not be made is because of the difference in the incidence and survival rates for different cancer sites both between different geographical areas and any changes in incidence and survival over time which affect the value of the survival index. As detailed above, the incidence of lung cancer is much higher in Hull compared to England, and as this cancer has a particularly low survival rate compared to some other cancer sites, the percentage of lung cancer cases in Hull within this ‘index’ survival measure of cancer will be greater, and thus the value of the survival index will be lower. This could be one reason why the inequalities gap between Hull and England has increased over time with one year survival from cancer improving in Hull between 2004 and 2019, but not to the same extent as for England. If the percentage of lung cancers within all cancers considered within the survival index has increased over time in Hull then this may explain the observed pattern in the inequalities gap. If this were the case, it would be difficult to form conclusions as to the relative survival of cancer in Hull compared to England as one would not really be comparing like-with-like.
Lung Cancer
For cancers diagnosed between 2004 and 2013, one year survival from lung cancer has been consistently higher in Hull compared to England, but the percentage surviving one year for cancers diagnosed between 2014 and 2019 has been lower in Hull compared to England.
Over the entire period 2004 to 2019, there has been a substantial increase in the one year survival from lung cancer in Hull with the percentages increasing from 30.4% for cancers diagnosed during 2004 to 45.2% for cancers diagnosed during 2019. One year survival from lung cancer in Hull has increased by 14.8 percentage points or by 49% between 2004 and 2019.
For the latest period, for lung cancers diagn0sed during 2019, 45.2% survived one year in Hull c0mpared to 47.2% for England. So for every 100 people diagnosed with lung cancer in Hull, two more people survive to one year in England compared to Hull.
Colorectal Cancer
One year survival from colorectal cancer has increased over time in Hull by 6.5 percentage points or by 9% between 2004 and 2019. However, over the entire period the percentage surviving one year following colorectal cancer diagnosis was considerably lower than England, although the inequalities gap between Hull and England has reduced slightly over time. For colorectal cancers diagnosed during 2004, 70.8% survived one year in Hull compared to 75.4% for England (4.6 percentage points and 6.5% higher in England), but for cancers diagnosed during 2019, 77.3% survived one year in Hull compared to 80.9% for England (3.6 percentage points and 4.7% higher in England).
For the latest period, for colorectal cancers diagn0sed during 2019, 77.3% survived one year in Hull c0mpared to 80.9% for England. So for every 100 people diagnosed with colorectal cancer in Hull, 3-4 more people survive to one year in England compared to Hull.
Breast Cancer
There have been relatively small increases in one year survival for breast cancer in Hull over the entire period 2004 to 2019, but one year survival has shown a continual increase across England.
The inequalities gap between Hull and England has increased over time for breast cancer one year survival. For breast cancers diagnosed during 2004, 93.5% survived one year in Hull compared to 94.3% for England (0.8 percentage points and 0.9% higher in England), but for cancers diagnosed during 2019, 94.1% survived one year in Hull compared to 97.3% for England (3.2 percentage points and 3.4% higher in England).
For the latest period, for breast cancers diagn0sed during 2019, 94.1% survived one year in Hull c0mpared to 97.3% for England. So for every 100 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Hull, three more women survive to one year in England compared to Hull.
Strategic Need and Service Provision
All Cancers
It is necessary to work together to ensure people understand the benefit of positive life choices and know how to access information and seek early support to change. In order to do this effectively, health care organisations need to work together with different communities to use existing assets to realise the benefit of positive life changes, and treating people as individuals. In relation to poor diet, the family or household environment can have a strong influence, so any approach to improving diet which involves the entire family is more likely to have a better degree of success than dealing with just the individuals. People need to have the knowledge and confidence to cook cheap, healthy meals, and further education or training may be necessary to help with this. People need to be able to access good quality fresh fruit and vegetables. Maintaining a healthy weight and improving diet should be tackled using a life course whole system approach looking at a combination of strategies and settings.
Everybody should know the importance of early diagnosis, and should be encouraged to seek medical help early if they experience symptoms, and undertake screening for cancer when eligible. People need to know that stopping smoking has immediate health effects and substantially reduces the risk of most cancers within 5-10 years. Maintaining a healthy weight is also very important.
It is clear based on the information presented above in relation to the two-week wait, elective investigations, emergency presentations and stage of cancer at diagnosis, that people in Hull are more likely to present with their cancer in an emergency setting and later than people throughout the rest of England. This clearly has an impact on survival and mortality rates from cancer. Premature mortality rates are already high in Hull from preventable cancers, and from the high incidence of lung cancer due to high current and historical smoking levels in Hull.
Lung Cancer
Survival rates from most lung cancers are relatively low so prevention is extremely important. Not smoking should be seen as the norm, with the aim of creating a smoke free generation. It is necessary to work together to ensure people understand the benefit of positive life choices and know how to access information and seek early support to change. Health care providers need to work together within communities to realise the benefit of positive life changes. People need to know that stopping smoking has immediate health effects and substantially reduces the risk of lung cancer within 5-10 years, and that coughing up blood, pain when coughing, and persistent chest infections, breathlessness and a cough can be a sign of lung cancer.
Prostate Cancer
Men who are of African-Caribbean or African descent and men who have first degree male relatives affected by prostate cancer should be aware that they are at a slightly higher risk of developing prostate cancer. Men should also be aware of the symptoms (such as an increased need to urinate, straining while urinating and a feeling that the bladder has not fully emptied) and get promptly investigated, although such symptoms could be a sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate enlargement rather than cancer. Support should be given to men living with prostate cancer as, whilst they can live for decades without symptoms or needing treatment, it still can have an effect on their lives causing physical problems such as erectile dysfunction and urinary incontinence, as well causing anxiety and worry.
Breast Cancer
As mentioned above, a number of approaches are required to help people improve their diets, undertake physical activity and maintain a healthy weight.
As survival rates are high for most types of breast cancer provided it is detected in its early stages, it is vital that women check their breasts regularly for any changes and always get any changes examined by their GP. They should also attend screening when invited as this is the best available method of detecting an early breast lesion. Healthcare providers and women need to be aware that family history of breast cancer is an important risk factor, and that the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence have produced guidelines in relation to breast cancer screening for women with a family history of breast cancer.
Colorectal Cancer
As mentioned above, a number of approaches are required to help people improve their diets, undertake physical activity and maintain a healthy weight. With regard to colorectal cancer specifically, it is important that people are encouraged to participate in the screening programme and be aware of symptoms as early detection of cancer improves survival rates.
Resources
NHS. Cancer information and useful links. www.nhs.uk. 2014, NHS Choices: London.
Cancer Research UK, Why is early diagnosis important? www.cancerresearchuk.org. 2009, Cancer Research UK: London.
World Health Organisation, Early detection of cancer. www.who.int/cancer/detection/en/. 2015, World Health Organisation: Geneva.
Cancer Research UK, Ageing cells could be ticking cancer time bomb. www.cancerresearchuk.org. 2013, Cancer Research UK: London.
Cancer Research UK, Growing ageing population drives global cancer rise. www.cancerresearchuk.org. 2005, Cancer Research UK: London.
Action on Smoking and Health, Factsheet 02: Smoking Statistics: Illness and death. www.ash.org.uk. 2015, Action on Smoking and Health: London.
Newton, J.N., et al., Changes in health in England, with analysis by English regions and areas of deprivation, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet, 2015. 386(10010): p. 2257-2274.
NHS. Lung cancer – symptoms. www.nhs.uk. 2013, NHS Choices: London.
NHS. Prostate cancer. www.nhs.uk. 2015, NHS Choices: London.
NHS. Bowel cancer. www.nhs.uk. 2014, NHS Choices: London.
NHS. Breast cancer (female). www.nhs.uk. 2015, NHS Choices: London.
Cancer Research UK, Definite breast cancer risks. www.cancerresearchuk.org. 2014, Cancer Research UK: London.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Familial breast cancer: Classification and care of people at risk of familial breast cancer and management of breast cancer and related risks in people with a family history of breast cancer. www.nice.org.uk. 2013, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence: London.
National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service: https://www.cancerdata.nhs.uk/
The Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Fingertips: https://fingertips.phe.org.uk/
The Office for Health Improvement & Disparities’ Local Health: https://www.localhealth.org.uk
Updates
This page was last updated / checked on 9 February 2024.
This page is due to be updated / checked in April 2024.